ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 2 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient has been receiving amitriptyline (Elavil) for 2 weeks. He tells the nurse he doesn't think this medicine is working, as he is still depressed. What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amitriptyline, a TCA, needs 4-6 weeks for full antidepressant effect-serotonin/norepinephrine buildup, per pharmacology. ‘Looking better' dismisses feelings. Switching meds is premature-2 weeks is early. Months overstates delay. Weeks to effect educates, setting realistic hope.
Question 2 of 5
The physician ordered a brand name drug for the client, paroxetine (Paxil). After taking this medication for a year, the client tells the nurse that it is no longer working. What is the best assessment of the nurse at this time?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Paroxetine's effectiveness waning after a year suggests possible drug interactions reducing its levels or efficacy, a common issue needing assessment via medication review. Needing a change assumes a conclusion without evidence. Paxil and paroxetine are the same (brand vs. generic), making that question moot. Beck assessment evaluates depression, not drug failure. Interactions align with pharmacokinetic principles, offering a proactive step to identify culprits like enzyme inducers, critical for adjusting therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A 74-year-old professional golfer has chest pain that occurs toward the end of his golfing games. He says the pain usually goes away after one or two sublingual nitroglycerin tablets and rest. What type of angina is he experiencing?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The 74-year-old professional golfer is likely experiencing Prinzmetal™s angina, also known as variant angina. This type of angina is characterized by episodes of chest pain that occur at rest or during minimal physical exertion. It is caused by a spasm in the coronary arteries, leading to a temporary reduction or cessation of blood flow to the heart muscle. The chest pain associated with Prinzmetal™s angina can be severe and is often relieved by sublingual nitroglycerin, as described by the golfer. Additionally, the fact that the pain occurs towards the end of his golfing games suggests that it may be triggered by stress or exertion, common triggers for coronary artery spasm in Prinzmetal's angina.
Question 4 of 5
Action of anxiolytic agents:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Anxiolytic agents are drugs that help relieve anxiety. Benzodiazepines are a class of drugs commonly used as anxiolytics due to their ability to enhance the effects of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter that inhibits brain activity. By increasing the inhibitory actions of GABA, benzodiazepines can produce calming and sedative effects, making them effective in treating anxiety disorders. Morphine, promethazine, atropine sulfate, and hyoscine are not typically used as anxiolytic agents.
Question 5 of 5
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) is prescribed for a client for the treatment of gout. And the nurse is providing medication instructions. The nurse tells the client to?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allopurinol should be taken with food to reduce gastrointestinal irritation. Limiting vitamin C intake is advised because it can increase uric acid levels, counteracting the drug's effects. A rash is not a normal side effect and may indicate a hypersensitivity reaction, requiring immediate medical attention. The therapeutic effects of allopurinol are not immediate and may take weeks to become apparent. Proper patient education is essential to ensure adherence and safety.