ATI RN
ATI Proctored Exam Pharmacology Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient has been prescribed oxymetazoline (Afrin). What medication information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxymetazoline relieves congestion quickly but risks rebound if overused. 'Take this medication exactly as directed as there is no antidote if you overdose' emphasizes adherence to prevent misuse . Hand washing and not swallowing reduce risks. It acts fast, not over days . Choice D ensures safe use, critical for nasal decongestants.
Question 2 of 5
Central venous access devices (CVADs) are frequently utilized to administer chemotherapy. What is a distinct advantage of using the CVAD for chemotherapeutic agent administration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Central venous access devices (CVADs) are advantageous for chemotherapy administration because they allow caustic or vesicant drugs to be delivered directly into larger veins, reducing the risk of vein irritation, thrombosis, or extravasation. While CVADs may have other benefits, such as long-term use and reduced need for repeated IV insertions, their primary advantage in chemotherapy is the safe administration of potentially damaging agents. Home administration and cost are secondary considerations.
Question 3 of 5
The patient has been prescribed oxymetazoline (Afrin). What medication information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxymetazoline relieves congestion quickly but risks rebound if overused. 'Take this medication exactly as directed as there is no antidote if you overdose' emphasizes adherence to prevent misuse . Hand washing and not swallowing reduce risks. It acts fast, not over days . Choice D ensures safe use, critical for nasal decongestants.
Question 4 of 5
A 78-year-old woman with ovarian cancer and pancreatitis is hospitalized for acute treatment of a massive pulmonary embolism. She is immediately given an intravenous dose of alteplase once the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was made. Characteristics of this agent include which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alteplase treats pulmonary embolism by dissolving clots. Success at clot resolution is correct-it converts plasminogen to plasmin, breaking fibrin. Option , free plasminogen, is less specific than its fibrin-bound action. Option , high antigenicity, and , low specificity, are false-alteplase is fibrin-specific and recombinant. Option (E), long half-life, isn't true. Its efficacy in clot lysis is key in this acute setting.
Question 5 of 5
Ester group of local anesthesia differs from the amide group in that :
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The main difference between ester group local anesthetics and amide group local anesthetics lies in the way they are metabolized in the body. Esters are metabolized in the plasma by the enzyme pseudocholinesterase, while amides are metabolized in the liver. Pseudocholinesterase hydrolyzes esters into inactive metabolites, which are then excreted mainly by the kidneys. On the other hand, amides undergo hepatic metabolism by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system before being excreted by the kidneys. This key metabolic difference between esters and amides impacts their pharmacokinetics, including onset of action, duration of effect, and potential for allergic reactions.