ATI RN
RN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 2 Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient has been depressed, and the physician plans to begin treatment with an antidepressant medication. In performing the initial assessment, what is the most important question for the nurse to ask?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Before antidepressants, assessing suicidal ideation is vital due to depression's suicide risk and SSRIs' potential to increase it initially. This ensures safety and guides monitoring. Alcohol use , allergies , and duration matter but are secondary to immediate risk. D prioritizes life-saving assessment, making it the most important question.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is taking azithromycin. Which nursing intervention(s) would the nurse plan to implement for this patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that can cause hepatotoxicity, so periodic liver function tests are necessary. Intravenous azithromycin should be diluted as per protocol, typically in 250-500 mL of fluid, not 50 mL. Loose stools or diarrhea may indicate Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, a serious adverse effect. Superinfections, such as oral thrush or vaginal yeast infections, should be reported promptly. Teaching the patient to take the oral drug 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals ensures optimal absorption. Avoiding antacids around the time of administration prevents interference with absorption.
Question 3 of 5
During pharmacology class, the student nurse asks the nursing instructor how students will ever learn about the individual antibiotic drugs since there are so many. What is the best response by the nursing instructor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Learning a representative (prototype) drug from each antibiotic class simplifies understanding by focusing on shared traits-mechanisms, effects, and side effects-reducing the burden of memorizing every drug. Mnemonics aid recall but don't teach concepts. Flow charts organize but lack depth. Categorizing is broad, while prototypes offer a practical, foundational approach, widely used in pharmacology education for mastery.
Question 4 of 5
A patient has been diagnosed with angina and will be given a prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. When teaching the patient how to use sublingual nitroglycerin, the nurse will include which instruction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When teaching a patient how to use sublingual nitroglycerin tablets, the nurse should include the instruction that if the chest pain is not relieved after one tablet, the patient should call 911 immediately. This is because persistent chest pain could indicate a more serious cardiac event, such as a myocardial infarction, that requires prompt medical attention. It is important for the patient to seek emergency help if the chest pain is not relieved after taking one sublingual nitroglycerin tablet. Taking multiple doses without relief of symptoms can be dangerous and delay appropriate medical intervention.
Question 5 of 5
Which one of the following pairs of 'drug/mechanism of action' is most accurate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lithium's mood-stabilizing effect in bipolar disorder involves inhibiting inositol monophosphatase, reducing inositol recycling and dampening overactive phosphoinositide signaling, a unique mechanism. Carbamazepine blocks sodium channels, not GABA facilitation (that's barbiturates). Ethosuximide inhibits T-type calcium channels in thalamic neurons, not sodium channels, to control absence seizures. Phenelzine, an MAOI, inhibits monoamine oxidase, not dopa decarboxylase (carbidopa does that). Procaine, a local anesthetic, blocks sodium channels, not T-type calcium channels. Lithium's inositol depletion is well-established, aligning with its therapeutic role and distinguishing it as the most accurate pairing here.