ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice A Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient comes to the emergency department following an overdose of aspirin, an acidic drug. What will the best plan of the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aspirin overdose, an acidic drug, causes metabolic acidosis; sodium bicarbonate alkalinizes urine, enhancing excretion by ionizing aspirin, reducing toxicity. IV fluids support hydration but don't target pH. Ammonium chloride acidifies, worsening acidosis. Proteins don't bind aspirin effectively in this context-albumin's role is minimal. Bicarbonate addresses salicylate poisoning directly, a standard emergency approach.
Question 2 of 5
The most serious adverse effect of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) overdose is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are associated with a high risk of toxicity in overdose, with cardiac arrhythmias being the most serious and life-threatening complication. TCAs can block sodium channels in the heart, leading to prolonged QRS intervals, ventricular tachycardia, and even cardiac arrest. Hyperpyrexia, seizures, and metabolic acidosis can also occur, but cardiac arrhythmias are the primary concern due to their potential to cause sudden death. Immediate medical intervention is required to manage TCA overdose, including cardiac monitoring and administration of sodium bicarbonate.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client receiving isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isoniazid treats TB but risks hepatotoxicity, causing jaundice (yellowing skin, choice C), a serious sign needing immediate reporting to prevent liver failure. Food is optional'INH can be taken either way. Tyramine relates to MAOIs, not INH. Bedtime isn't specific'dosing is flexible. Reporting jaundice aligns with INH's side effect profile, critical in TB therapy where long-term use is common, making C the essential instruction for early detection and safety.
Question 4 of 5
Which assessment finding, by the nurse, is a priority concern when a client receives pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pseudoephedrine's sympathomimetic action risks dysrhythmias, making an irregular heart rate a priority concern for immediate reporting. Fever , respiratory rate , and dry mouth are less urgent. C aligns with cardiovascular risks, making it the priority.
Question 5 of 5
Group of drugs which acts on amixed group of receptors:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Mixed agonist-antagonist drugs exhibit both agonistic and antagonistic properties at different receptor sites. These drugs can act as agonists at certain receptors while acting as antagonists at other receptors. This classification of drugs is distinct from pure agonists, pure antagonists, or partial agonists, as mixed agonist-antagonist drugs have a more complex mechanism of action. An example of a mixed agonist-antagonist drug is buprenorphine, which acts as a partial agonist at the mu opioid receptor and an antagonist at the kappa opioid receptor.