ATI RN
Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The patient asks the nurse how to dispose of old medications. What should the nurse tell the patient? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Removing personal information from the medication bottle is important to prevent identity theft or misuse. Mixing drugs with cat litter (choice A) is not recommended as it can still be harmful if ingested. Flushing medications (choice B) can contaminate water sources. Adding water and crushing drugs (choice D) can also lead to environmental contamination. Overall, choice C is the best practice to ensure proper disposal and protect privacy.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is administering an intramuscular injection to a 5-year- old child. Choose the correct site the nurse will use.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Deltoid muscle. For a 5-year-old child, the deltoid muscle is the preferred site for intramuscular injections due to adequate muscle mass and development. It is a safe and common site for administering vaccines and other medications. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Ventral forearm: Not a recommended site for intramuscular injections in children due to lack of muscle mass. B: Dorsogluteal: Not recommended for children due to proximity to major nerves and blood vessels. D: Ventrogluteal: Not typically used in pediatric patients as it requires the child to be in a prone position, which may not be practical.
Question 3 of 5
Fluoroquinolones are antibacterials that
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer C: Fluoroquinolones interfere with metabolic processes by targeting bacterial enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair. This disrupts bacterial DNA synthesis, leading to cell death. This mechanism is distinct from options A, B, and D, which target different cellular components such as the cell wall, membrane, and protein synthesis. Hence, C is the correct choice for fluoroquinolones.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is NOT a phase I drug metabolising process?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Conjugation. Phase I drug metabolizing processes involve functionalization reactions to make the drug more polar for easier elimination. Conjugation reactions, on the other hand, occur in Phase II metabolism and involve the addition of endogenous molecules to the drug to further enhance its solubility for elimination. Hydrolysis, reduction, and oxidation are all Phase I processes that involve breaking down or modifying the drug molecule without conjugation. Therefore, Conjugation is NOT a phase I drug metabolizing process.
Question 5 of 5
What is the effect of first pass metabolism on drug bioavailability?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: First pass metabolism refers to the metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation. This process greatly reduces the fraction of unchanged drug that reaches systemic circulation, as the drug may be metabolized or broken down before it can exert its effects. This leads to lower bioavailability of the drug. Choice A is incorrect because first pass metabolism does affect the fraction of unchanged drug reaching systemic circulation. Choice B is incorrect as first pass metabolism does not necessarily impact the half-life of the drug in plasma. Choice C is incorrect because first pass metabolism does not accelerate the absorption rate of the drug; instead, it may decrease it by metabolizing the drug before it can be absorbed.