ATI RN
Gastrointestinal Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The parietal cells in the stomach secrete _____, which is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B: intrinsic factor Rationale: 1. Intrinsic factor is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the ileum. 2. Parietal cells secrete intrinsic factor in the stomach. 3. Without intrinsic factor, vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed, leading to pernicious anemia. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Hydrochloric acid is also secreted by parietal cells but is not directly involved in vitamin B12 absorption. C: Pepsinogen is a precursor to pepsin, which is involved in protein digestion, not vitamin B12 absorption. D: Mucus protects the stomach lining and does not play a role in vitamin B12 absorption.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a history of ulcerative colitis and a new diagnosis of anemia. Which of the following manifestations of colitis should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the development of the anemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chronic blood loss. In ulcerative colitis, inflammation and ulcers in the colon can lead to chronic blood loss, resulting in anemia due to decreased red blood cell production. The inflamed colon may bleed continuously or intermittently, leading to a gradual decrease in hemoglobin levels. Dietary iron restrictions (choice A) may contribute to anemia, but chronic blood loss is the primary factor in this case. Intestinal malabsorption syndrome (choice B) may affect nutrient absorption but is not the main cause of anemia in this scenario. Intestinal parasites (choice D) can cause anemia through blood loss or nutrient depletion, but in this case, chronic blood loss from colitis is the most likely culprit.
Question 3 of 5
Claire, a 33 y.o. is on your floor with a possible bowel obstruction. Which intervention is a priority for her?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Measure abdominal girth. In a possible bowel obstruction, measuring abdominal girth is crucial to monitor for signs of bowel distension, which can indicate worsening obstruction. This intervention helps in assessing the progression of the condition and can guide further management decisions. Obtaining daily weights (A) may be important for fluid balance but is not as immediate in this situation. Keeping strict intake and output (C) and encouraging fluid intake (D) are important but not the priority when addressing a possible bowel obstruction.
Question 4 of 5
The secretions that lubricate the food so it moves easily through the digestive tract and also protects the epithelium are called
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: mucus. Mucus is a viscous substance secreted by mucous membranes that lubricates food, aiding its movement through the digestive tract. It also protects the epithelium by forming a barrier against harmful substances. Water (B) primarily aids in digestion and is not a secretion itself. Enzymes (C) are proteins that help break down food but do not provide lubrication. Hormones (D) are chemical messengers that regulate bodily functions but do not directly aid in food lubrication or protection.
Question 5 of 5
A person who is 'tongue-tied' can often be treated by surgically cutting the
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: frenulum. The frenulum is a band of tissue that restricts the movement of the tongue, causing a person to be 'tongue-tied'. By surgically cutting the frenulum, this restriction is alleviated, allowing for improved tongue mobility and speech. Incorrect choices: A: The uvula is a small, fleshy lobe at the back of the tongue, not related to being 'tongue-tied'. B: The buccinator muscle is involved in chewing and facial expressions, not related to tongue-tie. D: The labium refers to the lips, which are not associated with being 'tongue-tied'.