ATI RN
Pediatric Neurology Question Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The parents of a 12-month-old with a neurogenic bladder ask if their child will always have to be catheterized. Select the nursbest response.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alternativlike vesicostomy is best, per urology texts. Neurogenic bladder prevents full emptying; vesicostomy offers drainage without catheters. Always catheterized limits options; sensation (B, C) unlikely. Ds practicality makes itthe correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
Which intervention is included in the postoperative plan of care for a child with myelomeningocele following ligament release?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frequent position changare in the plan post-myelomeningocele ligament release, per nursing texts, preventing skin breakdown in sensory-impaired areas. Diet (A, D) and balloons are unrelated. Cs focus makes itthe correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
Which order should the nurse question for a child just admitted with the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IV fluids at 1½ timmaintenance should be questioned, per meningitis care texts. Excess fluid risks ICP increase in bacterial meningitis. Isolation , neuro checks , and acetaminophen are standard. Bs risk makes itthe correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
The outer layer of connective tissue that surrounds the nerve is called:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epineurium . The epineurium is the outermost layer of connective tissue that surrounds an entire nerve, providing structural support and protection to the nerve fibers within. It encasthe fascicl(bundlof nerve fibers) and contains blood vessels that nourish the nerve. Choice B, Epithelium, is incorrect because it refers to a layer of cells lining body surfacor cavities, not a connective tissue layer around nerves. Choice C, Glial cells, is wrong as these are supportive cells in the nervous system (e.g., Schwann cells or astrocytes) and not a connective tissue layer. Choice D, Endoneurium, is also incorrect because it is the innermost connective tissue layer that surrounds individual nerve fibers within a fascicle, not the outer layer of the nerve as a whole. Therefore, Epineurium is the accurate term for the outer connective tissue layer of a nerve, confirming A as the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
In fight or flight conditions, the pupil of the eye dilates. The motor impulse that is initiated in the hypothalamus and ultimately causthis pupillary dilation can be best described by which of the following statements:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The impulse will pass through the ventral root of a spinal nerve . In the fight or flight response, the sympathetic nervous system, activated by the hypothalamus, causpupil dilation via the dilator pupillae muscle. The pathway involvpreganglionic neurons from the thoracic spinal cord (T1-T2) exiting through the ventral root, synapsing in the superior cervical ganglion, and then postganglionic fibers traveling via the oculomotor nerve (III) pathway. Choice A is incorrect because this is an autonomic response, not involving somatic upper and lower motor neurons. Choice B is wrong as ganglia (superior cervical) are involved. Choice C is incorrect because the synapse occurs in the spinal cord or ganglion, not brainstem autonomic nuclei. Thus, D correctly identifithe ventral root as part of the sympathetic outflow, making it the right answer.