The parent of a 1-month-old infant voices concern about the infant's respirations. The parent states the respirations are rapid and irregular. Which information should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Irregular respirations with periodic pauses are normal in a 1-month-old infant. Choice A is incorrect because the normal respiratory rate for an infant at this age is higher than the range provided. Choice C is incorrect as irregular respirations are expected in infants. Choice D is not appropriate as irregular respirations with periodic pauses are a normal finding in young infants and do not necessarily indicate a concern that requires immediate notification of the healthcare provider.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The child is slightly taller than average, but the weight is within normal limits. This information should be reassuring to the parent and provides insights into normal growth patterns. Choice A is incorrect as it inaccurately states that the child is taller than other children this age. Choice B is incorrect because the child's weight is actually within normal limits. Choice C is incorrect as it inaccurately states that the child is shorter in stature than other children this age.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Vulvar irritation may indicate an infection or other issues and should be further evaluated. In a pubescent girl, breasts of slightly different sizes and irregular periods are common variations of normal development. Supernumerary nipple, an extra nipple, is a benign condition that is not typically concerning during puberty.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pediatric nursing, it is crucial to minimize radiation exposure in diagnostic testing whenever possible. The correct answer, renal ultrasonography (Option A), allows visualization of the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis without exposing the child to external-beam radiation or radioactive isotopes. This non-invasive imaging modality uses sound waves to produce images of the kidneys, making it a safe and effective option for assessing renal structures in children. Option B, computed tomography, involves the use of ionizing radiation and is not the preferred choice for evaluating renal structures in children due to the associated radiation exposure risks. Option C, intravenous pyelography, requires the administration of a contrast agent that can potentially cause adverse reactions in pediatric patients. Option D, voiding cystourethrography, involves radiation exposure and is typically used to assess bladder and urethral function rather than visualizing renal parenchyma and pelvis. Educationally, it is important for nursing students to understand the principles of selecting appropriate diagnostic tests for pediatric patients, considering factors such as safety, effectiveness, and patient age. Emphasizing the advantages of renal ultrasonography in this scenario reinforces the importance of minimizing radiation exposure in pediatric care while ensuring accurate diagnostic information.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this question from the ATI RN Nursing Care of Children exam, the correct answer is A) Cystitis. Cystitis refers to inflammation of the bladder, commonly caused by bacterial infection. This condition is prevalent in children, especially girls, due to their anatomy and proximity of the urethra to the anus. Option B) Urethritis is incorrect as it specifically refers to inflammation of the urethra, not the bladder. Option C) Urosepsis is a severe condition characterized by bacteria in the bloodstream, not localized to the bladder. Option D) Bacteriuria simply means bacteria in the urine, which may be present in cystitis but does not define the specific inflammation of the bladder. Educationally, understanding the differences in terminology is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment in pediatric patients. Nurses must be able to differentiate between these conditions to provide appropriate care and prevent complications. It highlights the importance of assessing urinary symptoms in children and implementing interventions to manage and treat cystitis effectively.