The painful and permanent stiffening of a muscle is called

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Contracture. A contracture refers to the painful and permanent stiffening of a muscle due to shortening of muscle fibers or scar tissue formation. Dystrophy (A) is the degeneration of muscle tissue, not stiffness. Atrophy (B) is the wasting away of muscle due to lack of use. Dislocation (D) is the displacement of a bone from its joint, not a muscle stiffness issue. Therefore, contracture is the most appropriate term for describing the described condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Change in diet and daily exercise. Prediabetes can be delayed or prevented by maintaining a healthy lifestyle through proper nutrition and regular physical activity. A balanced diet and exercise help in controlling weight, improving insulin sensitivity, and reducing blood sugar levels. Medication (choice B) may be necessary in some cases but should not be the first-line approach. Surgery (choice C) is not typically recommended for prediabetes. Increasing intake of fluids (choice D) is important for overall health but alone is not sufficient to prevent or delay prediabetes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Passive range of motion exercises are done when a resident cannot move on her own to prevent joint stiffness and contractures. This is important for residents with limited mobility. Choice A is correct because passive exercises involve a caregiver or therapist moving the resident's joints for them. Choice B is incorrect because it refers to active exercises. Choice C is incorrect as it implies the resident is participating actively. Choice D is incorrect because while a doctor or therapist may prescribe exercises, they are not the ones typically performing passive range of motion exercises.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a cover letter should focus on why the applicant is seeking the job and why they are qualified for it. This helps to personalize the application and demonstrate the applicant's interest and suitability for the position. Providing detailed information about educational background and volunteer work (choice A) can be included in the resume and may not be necessary in the cover letter. Including salary expectations (choice C) is typically discussed during interviews and not appropriate for a cover letter. Recommendations from former employers (choice D) are usually submitted separately or upon request and are not typically included in a cover letter.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is the appropriate term for a program of care that aims to restore or improve function following an illness or injury. It involves specialized treatment and therapy to help individuals regain their physical, mental, or emotional abilities. A: Adaptation refers to adjusting to new circumstances, not necessarily focused on restoring function. B: Renovation involves improving or repairing something, typically related to buildings or structures. D: Conversion refers to changing from one form, purpose, or system to another, not related to restoring function post-illness or injury.