The painful and permanent stiffening of a muscle is called

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Contracture. A contracture refers to the painful and permanent stiffening of a muscle due to a lack of normal movement or excessive muscle tension. This condition is characterized by the shortening and hardening of muscles, leading to joint immobility. A: Dystrophy is incorrect as it refers to a disorder in which muscles weaken and waste away. B: Atrophy is incorrect as it refers to the wasting away or loss of muscle mass. D: Dislocation is incorrect as it refers to the displacement of bones at a joint. In summary, contracture specifically describes the stiffening of muscles, making it the correct answer in this scenario.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Change in diet and daily exercise. This is because lifestyle modifications such as healthy eating habits and regular physical activity have been proven to effectively prevent or delay the progression of prediabetes to type 2 diabetes. These actions help in maintaining a healthy weight, improving insulin sensitivity, and managing blood sugar levels. Medication (B) may be prescribed in some cases, but it is not the primary prevention strategy. Surgery (C) is not a standard treatment for prediabetes. Increasing intake of fluids (D) is important for overall health, but alone it is not sufficient to prevent prediabetes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Passive range of motion exercises are done when a resident cannot move on her own to prevent contractures and maintain joint flexibility. Residents who can move on their own do not require passive exercises. Nursing assistants can assist, but the resident should not be actively participating. Doctors and physical therapists may prescribe, but the exercises themselves are typically performed by nursing staff under their guidance.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a cover letter should introduce the applicant, express interest in the job, and highlight qualifications relevant to the position. Providing reasons for seeking the job and explaining qualifications demonstrate a genuine interest and suitability for the role. Other choices are incorrect as detailed educational information and volunteer work may be included in the resume, salary expectations are discussed later in the hiring process, and recommendations are usually provided separately upon request.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is the process of restoring or improving function following an illness or injury through specialized care. This involves a comprehensive program tailored to individual needs to maximize recovery. A: Adaptation is about adjusting to new circumstances, not necessarily restoring function. B: Renovation refers to improving or repairing something, typically related to physical structures, not individuals. D: Conversion involves changing something into a different form or purpose, not focused on restoring function post illness or injury.