The organisms to be identified have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Genetic material is concentrated predominantly in the chromosomes which consist of DNA strands and protein molecules. These cells divide mitotically. Identify these organisms:

Questions 82

ATI RN

ATI RN Test Bank

foundations in microbiology test bank Questions

Question 1 of 9

The organisms to be identified have a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Genetic material is concentrated predominantly in the chromosomes which consist of DNA strands and protein molecules. These cells divide mitotically. Identify these organisms:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. The presence of a nucleus with a nuclear membrane indicates eukaryotic cells. 2. Eukaryotes have genetic material in chromosomes made of DNA and proteins. 3. Mitotic division is characteristic of eukaryotic cells. 4. Therefore, the organisms described are eukaryotes. Summary: - Bacteriophages (B) are viruses that infect bacteria. - Prokaryotes (C) lack a nucleus and their genetic material is not organized into chromosomes. - Viruses (D) are not considered living organisms and do not have a nucleus or chromosomes.

Question 2 of 9

Fires from flammable metals require type __________ fire extinguishers.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because fires from flammable metals require specialized Class D fire extinguishers designed to extinguish these unique types of fires. Class A, B, and C fire extinguishers are not suitable for flammable metal fires as they are designed for different types of materials and fire classes. Class A extinguishers are for ordinary combustibles, Class B for flammable liquids, and Class C for electrical fires. Therefore, Class D fire extinguishers are specifically designed for flammable metal fires, making them the correct choice for this scenario.

Question 3 of 9

Which one is not true for the adaptive immunity:

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because adaptive immunity is not mainly observed in the skin and mucous membranes. Adaptive immunity is a systemic response that involves specific immune cells and antibodies targeting specific pathogens. It develops immune memory (B), meaning it can recognize and respond faster upon re-exposure to the same pathogen. Adaptive immunity also has specificity (C), as it can target specific antigens. Lastly, adaptive immunity is not evolutionarily newer in comparison to innate immunity (D), as both systems have co-evolved to provide comprehensive protection against pathogens.

Question 4 of 9

Which of the following organisms produces aflatoxin, a carcinogenic substance?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Aspergillus flavus is a fungus known to produce aflatoxin. 2. Aflatoxin is a potent carcinogen found in contaminated food. 3. Candida albicans is a yeast species not associated with aflatoxin production. 4. Claviceps purpurea is a fungus that produces ergot alkaloids, not aflatoxin. 5. Staphylococcus aureus is a bacterium known for causing food poisoning, not aflatoxin production. Summary: Aspergillus flavus is the correct answer as it is the organism known to produce aflatoxin, a carcinogenic substance. Other choices are incorrect as they are not associated with aflatoxin production.

Question 5 of 9

It is planned to use the territory of an old cattle burial ground (which is not used for more than 50 years) for building houses. But ground analysis revealed presence of the pathogen of the very dangerous illness. Which of the indicated microorgonisms is likely to remain in the ground for such a long time?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. Bacillus anthracis is a spore-forming bacterium that can survive for decades in the soil. 2. The spores are resistant to harsh conditions and can remain dormant for long periods. 3. This resilience allows Bacillus anthracis to persist in the old cattle burial ground for over 50 years. 4. Mycobacterium bovis, Brucella abortus, and Francisella tularensis are not known for long-term survival in soil. Summary: - Mycobacterium bovis, Brucella abortus, and Francisella tularensis do not have the spore-forming ability. - Mycobacterium bovis causes tuberculosis in cattle. - Brucella abortus causes brucellosis in cattle. - Francisella tularensis causes tularemia in animals and humans.

Question 6 of 9

Which of the following bacteria produces an endotoxin responsible for septic shock?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, "All of the above." Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Neisseria meningitidis all produce endotoxins that can lead to septic shock. Endotoxins are part of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, such as E. coli and N. meningitidis, which can trigger a severe immune response leading to septic shock. S. aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium, produces toxins that can also contribute to septic shock. Therefore, all of these bacteria can produce endotoxins responsible for septic shock. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they only identify individual bacteria that produce endotoxins, whereas the correct answer encompasses all bacteria listed.

Question 7 of 9

Which of the following viruses could be reactivated under immunosuppressive therapy?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, "None of the above," because viruses like Parotitidis (mumps), Rubella, and Influenza A are not typically associated with reactivation under immunosuppressive therapy. Reactivation is more commonly seen in latent viruses like herpesviruses (e.g., herpes simplex, varicella-zoster), cytomegalovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus. These viruses can remain dormant in the body and reactivate when the immune system is compromised. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as the viruses mentioned in choices A, B, and C do not fit the criteria for reactivation under immunosuppressive therapy.

Question 8 of 9

All statements about plasmids are correct except:

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because plasmids do not encode essential bacterial properties. They are non-essential, extra-chromosomal DNA molecules that can replicate independently within bacterial cells. Plasmids mainly contain genes for antibiotic resistance, genetic transfer, and other specific functions. Choice A is correct as many plasmids do carry antibiotic resistance genes. Choice B is also accurate as plasmids are indeed smaller, circular, and exist outside the bacterial chromosome. Choice D is true as plasmids can facilitate bacterial conjugation, allowing the transfer of genetic material between bacteria.

Question 9 of 9

After consumption some tinned meat a patient had diplopia, acute headache, deglutition disorder, hard breathing, muscle weakness. The diagnosis was botulism. What factor of pathogenicity are the clinic presentations of this disease connected with?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Exotoxin. Botulism is caused by the exotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. The symptoms described - diplopia, acute headache, deglutition disorder, hard breathing, muscle weakness - are all consistent with botulism due to the neurotoxic effects of the exotoxin. The exotoxin interferes with neurotransmission at the neuromuscular junction, leading to muscle paralysis and the symptoms mentioned. The other choices (B, C, D, E) are incorrect as they do not correspond to the pathogenic mechanism of botulism and do not explain the specific clinical manifestations observed in this case.

Access More Questions!

ATI RN Basic


$89/ 30 days

ATI RN Premium


$150/ 90 days