The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) was passed as a response to

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA) was passed in response to reports of abuse and poor care in long-term care facilities. This legislation aimed to improve the quality of care in nursing homes by setting standards for training and competency of staff, ensuring residents' rights, and enhancing the quality of life for residents. Incorrect choices: A: Lack of funding for long-term care facilities - While funding issues may impact the quality of care, OBRA was primarily focused on addressing abuse and poor care. C: Complaints from long-term care facility staff about resident behavior - Staff complaints about resident behavior were not the primary reason for the passage of OBRA. D: Nursing assistants being unable to pass competency examinations - While this could be a concern, OBRA was more about setting standards and regulations to improve care quality, not solely about the competency of nursing assistants.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. By touching the resident on the arm before identifying herself, the nursing assistant can provide a physical cue to alert the resident of her presence. This gesture is important for someone with visual impairment as it helps establish trust and a connection before communication begins. It also respects the resident's personal space and avoids startling them. Choice A is incorrect because waiting for the resident to speak may lead to confusion and frustration, especially if the resident is not aware of the assistant's presence. Choice C is incorrect as it does not promote effective communication and may make the resident feel neglected or isolated. Choice D is incorrect as using an imaginary clock face to explain the position of objects may be confusing and not as effective in establishing immediate communication and connection with the resident.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respect the resident's beliefs. This is important in providing person-centered care and respecting the resident's autonomy. The nursing assistant should acknowledge and support the resident's right to their own beliefs, even if they differ from their own. Trying to change the resident's beliefs (B) is disrespectful and inappropriate. Ignoring dietary restrictions (C) can lead to negative health outcomes. Refusing to care for the resident (D) goes against the nursing assistant's duty to provide care to all residents regardless of personal beliefs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C is correct: 1. Handwashing is the most effective way to prevent the spread of disease. 2. Proper hand hygiene reduces the transmission of pathogens. 3. Nursing assistants have frequent contact with patients, making handwashing crucial. 4. Gloves and PPE are important but handwashing is more effective. 5. Vaccinations protect individuals but do not prevent the spread of disease. 6. Using lotions is important for skin health but does not prevent disease transmission.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, "Giving frequent help with elimination." This is a restraint alternative because it focuses on meeting the resident's needs and ensuring their comfort without restricting their freedom of movement. By providing assistance with elimination, caregivers can address the resident's needs in a non-restrictive manner, promoting dignity and independence. A: Tying the resident to the bed is a form of physical restraint, which is not an alternative to restraint. B: Removing the resident's call light can jeopardize the resident's safety and ability to seek help. D: Locking the resident's door from the outside is a form of environmental restraint, which is not an appropriate alternative.