ATI RN
Gastrointestinal NCLEX Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
The occurrence of acute liver failure is most common in which situation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Use of acetaminophen with alcohol abuse. Acute liver failure is most commonly seen in individuals who consume excessive amounts of acetaminophen, especially when combined with alcohol. Acetaminophen overdose can cause severe liver damage, and alcohol abuse can further exacerbate the toxicity. Choice A (An individual with hepatitis A) is incorrect because hepatitis A typically does not lead to acute liver failure. Choice B (An individual with hepatitis C) is also incorrect as hepatitis C usually causes chronic liver disease rather than acute liver failure. Choice C (Antihypertensive medication use) is not a common cause of acute liver failure compared to acetaminophen and alcohol abuse.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is diagnosed with cholelithiasis and is experiencing biliary coli What is the best intervention for the nurse to implement first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer analgesics as ordered. This is the best intervention as biliary colic is characterized by severe pain caused by gallstones obstructing the bile duct. Providing analgesics will help alleviate the pain and improve the patient's comfort. Encouraging oral intake (choice A) is important but addressing the pain takes precedence. Cholecystectomy (choice C) is a treatment for cholelithiasis but not the immediate intervention for biliary colic. Placing the patient on a low-fat diet (choice D) is beneficial for long-term management but is not the first priority when the patient is in acute pain.
Question 3 of 5
When assessing a patient's bowel sounds, the nurse auscultates loud bowel sounds in each quadrant every 3 seconds. The nurse understands that these findings could indicate that the patient is experiencing which condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Diarrhea. Loud bowel sounds every 3 seconds indicate hyperactive bowel sounds, which are a common characteristic of diarrhea. Diarrhea increases peristalsis, leading to frequent loud bowel sounds. Paralytic ileus (choice B) is characterized by absent or hypoactive bowel sounds due to decreased motility. Vomiting (choice C) and constipation (choice D) are not typically associated with loud bowel sounds every 3 seconds.
Question 4 of 5
During gastric emptying, chyme is released into the duodenum through the .
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: pyloric sphincter. The pyloric sphincter is a ring of muscle at the junction between the stomach and the duodenum. It controls the release of chyme into the small intestine. The sphincter opens and closes to regulate the flow of partially digested food from the stomach into the duodenum for further digestion and absorption. A: esophageal hiatus is incorrect as it is the opening in the diaphragm through which the esophagus passes. B: pyloric antrum is incorrect as it is the lower part of the stomach that connects to the pyloric canal. C: pyloric canal is incorrect as it is the part of the stomach leading to the pyloric sphincter, not the opening into the duodenum.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of heart failure. Which statement by the patient indicates that further teaching is needed?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because increasing salt intake can worsen heart failure by causing fluid retention and increasing blood pressure. A is correct because shortness of breath is a common symptom of heart failure. C is incorrect because limiting fluid intake is important to prevent fluid overload in heart failure. D is correct as daily weight monitoring can help detect fluid retention early. Therefore, B is the only statement that goes against heart failure management principles.