ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drug Interactions PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
The objective information that has helped mental health professionals understand that schizophrenia has a biological component has been obtained primarily from which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. MRI studies provide direct visual evidence of structural brain abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia, supporting the biological component of the disorder. This objective information helps mental health professionals understand the biological basis of schizophrenia. A: Genetic studies may provide insights into the heritability of schizophrenia, but MRI studies offer more concrete evidence of biological abnormalities. B: Patient histories may provide valuable clinical information but are subjective and may not directly demonstrate the biological underpinnings of schizophrenia. C: Comparisons of blood chemistries may offer some insights into potential biomarkers, but MRI studies provide more direct evidence of structural brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia.
Question 2 of 5
When counseling a male patient about the possible adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs, the nurse will discuss which potential problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Impotence. Antihypertensive drugs can lead to erectile dysfunction in males due to their impact on blood flow and nerve function. This side effect can significantly impact a patient's quality of life and adherence to treatment. Incorrect choices: B: Bradycardia - Antihypertensive drugs may cause bradycardia, but it is more commonly associated with beta-blockers. C: Increased libido - Antihypertensive drugs are not known to increase libido; in fact, some may decrease libido as a side effect. D: Weight gain - While some antihypertensive drugs may cause weight gain, impotence is a more commonly known adverse effect in male patients.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is receiving heparin therapy as part of the treatment for a pulmonary embolism. The nurse monitors the results of which laboratory test to check the drug’s effectiveness?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). This test is specifically used to monitor heparin therapy's effectiveness by measuring the blood's clotting time. Heparin works by inhibiting blood clot formation, so monitoring aPTT helps ensure the patient is within the therapeutic range to prevent clot formation. Incorrect choices: A: Bleeding times - This test assesses how long it takes for blood to clot, but it does not specifically monitor heparin therapy's effectiveness. C: Prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) - This test is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin therapy. D: Vitamin K levels - Monitoring vitamin K levels is not relevant to assessing heparin therapy's effectiveness in preventing clot formation.
Question 4 of 5
A patient who has been taking isoniazid (INH) has a new prescription for pyridoxine. She is wondering why she needs this medication. The nurse explains that pyridoxine is often given concurrently with the isoniazid to prevent which condition?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Peripheral neuropathy. Isoniazid (INH) can deplete vitamin B6 levels, leading to peripheral neuropathy. Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) supplementation helps prevent this side effect by replenishing the vitamin. Hair loss (A) is not a common side effect of INH. Renal failure (B) and heart failure (D) are not typically associated with INH therapy. By preventing peripheral neuropathy, pyridoxine helps maintain nerve health and function in patients taking INH.
Question 5 of 5
Metabolic transformation (phase 1) is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because metabolic transformation (phase 1) involves the conversion of substances through oxidation, reduction, or hydrolysis processes, which alter the chemical structure of the compound. This phase prepares the substance for further metabolism or excretion. Acetylation and methylation (choice A) involve different enzymatic processes unrelated to phase 1 metabolism. Glucuronide formation (choice C) is part of phase 2 metabolism, not phase 1. Binding to plasma proteins (choice D) is not a metabolic transformation process but rather a mechanism of distribution in the body.