The nursing staff has attempted to screen the entire African American population in the community for diabetes. Which of the following would provide immediate verification of the success of the nursing staff’s efforts?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. This is because a decrease in prevalence would indicate successful screening efforts. Incidence is the rate of new cases, not a measure of screening success. An epidemic or increase in diabetes cases would not verify success, as it could indicate poor screening or higher awareness.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it addresses prevention strategies at different levels: starting early with education in schools, reaching the general community with diet and exercise presentations, and targeting high-risk groups with specialized sessions. This comprehensive approach tackles the issue from multiple angles, promoting long-term behavior change and awareness. Choice A lacks specificity and does not provide a comprehensive plan to target different segments of the population. Choice C focuses mainly on online activities and screenings but lacks the community-wide educational aspect. Choice D includes some good elements like handouts and screenings but lacks the early intervention in schools and comprehensive community education approach present in choice B.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The positive predictive value of mammography. In this scenario, the woman is distressed over a positive mammogram result, indicating a potential cancer diagnosis. Understanding the positive predictive value of mammography is crucial for the nurse to provide accurate information about the likelihood of the positive result truly indicating cancer. This information helps the nurse guide the woman on next steps and coping strategies. Choice A (The negative predictive value of mammography) is incorrect because the woman's concern is focused on a positive result indicating cancer, not on ruling out cancer. Choice C (The reliability of mammography) is incorrect as it pertains to the consistency of test results, which is not the immediate concern in this case. Choice D (The validity of mammography) is also incorrect as it refers to how accurately a test measures what it is intended to measure, but it does not directly address the woman's emotional distress and need for guidance on dealing with a positive result.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Encourage the parents to enroll their sons in Cub Scouts. The rationale for this is that the nurse should be promoting activities that have a positive impact on the children's development, such as Cub Scouts. Cub Scouts provide opportunities for social interaction, skill-building, leadership development, and community involvement. By encouraging the parents to enroll their sons in Cub Scouts, the nurse is supporting their holistic growth and well-being. Choice A is incorrect because it is unrelated to the nurse's role and does not address the children's well-being. Choice B is incorrect as it discourages a potentially beneficial activity without valid reasoning. Choice C is incorrect as it dismisses the potential benefits of Cub Scouts and does not consider the children's overall development.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Host factors. Host factors refer to individual characteristics that influence susceptibility to a particular disease. In this scenario, the variation in illness among those exposed to the same bacteria suggests that host factors play a crucial role. Factors such as immune status, genetic predisposition, age, and overall health can affect an individual's ability to combat the bacterial illness. This explains why only some of the exposed individuals became ill. A: Chemical agent factors - This choice refers to agents like toxic chemicals, which are not directly relevant to the scenario described. B: Environmental factors - While environmental factors can play a role in disease transmission, the question specifically focuses on why only some individuals became ill despite exposure to the same bacteria. D: Physical agent factors - This choice relates to physical agents like radiation or trauma, which are not applicable to a bacterial illness scenario.