Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it involves providing Ms. C with information and resources to help her understand and feel more comfortable with the colostomy care procedure. Verbally reexplaining the procedure and providing written material will empower her with knowledge and autonomy. Choice B undermines her independence and may not address her reluctance. Choice C promotes dependency rather than encouraging her to take ownership of her care. Choice D involves a hands-on approach that may not address her underlying concerns or fears about the procedure. Overall, choice A is the most appropriate initial step to support Ms. C in overcoming her reluctance.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A (Relaxed posture) because assertiveness is about expressing oneself confidently while respecting others. A relaxed posture conveys confidence and self-assurance. Established eye contact (B) is also consistent with assertiveness, showing engagement and sincerity. Choices C (Hands placed on hips) and D (Distant, soft voice) are more indicative of aggression or passivity, respectively, rather than assertiveness. Placing hands on hips can come across as confrontational, while a distant, soft voice lacks the firmness and clarity associated with assertive communication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Verbal communication involves words, either written or spoken. 2. Choice B states that the patient writes the answer to a question asked by the nurse, which involves using words. 3. Therefore, choice B correctly represents verbal communication. 4. Choices A, C, and D involve nonverbal communication methods such as nodding, sobbing, and moaning, which do not involve words.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintaining belief, being with, doing for, and enabling. Swanson's theory of caring includes these four processes along with "knowing." Maintaining belief refers to having faith in the patient's ability to get through the situation. Being with involves being present and showing emotional support. Doing for means providing physical care and assistance. Enabling focuses on empowering the patient to make decisions and take control of their health. Choice A is incorrect because it includes communication, assertiveness, and responsibility, which are not part of Swanson's caring processes. Choice C is incorrect as it includes understanding, action, information, and comfort, which do not align with Swanson's theory. Choice D is incorrect because it includes supporting, which is not one of the caring processes identified by Swanson.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Communicate. In the F.O.C.U.S. model, the "C" stands for Communicate because effective communication is essential in any situation requiring focus. By communicating clearly and efficiently, individuals can convey their thoughts, ideas, and goals effectively, leading to better understanding and collaboration. This helps in achieving the desired outcomes and staying on track. Summary of other choices: B: Connect - While connecting with others is important, it is not the central aspect of focus in the F.O.C.U.S. model. C: Concern - Concern may be relevant in some contexts, but it is not the primary focus in the F.O.C.U.S. model. D: Convince - While persuasion can be a part of communication, the primary emphasis in the F.O.C.U.S. model is on effective communication rather than convincing others.