The nursing educator, who is offering a course on preparing for motherhood, asks the women taking her class to identify what they wish to learn and to write their own learning objectives. What is this method of gaining commitment called?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A learning contract. This method of gaining commitment involves having individuals actively participate in setting their own learning goals and objectives. By asking the women in the class to identify what they wish to learn and write their own learning objectives, the nursing educator is essentially creating a mutual agreement or contract with them regarding their learning journey. This process increases motivation, engagement, and accountability as the learners have a personal stake in their own learning outcomes. Summary of other choices: B: Clarifying objectives - While this is related to the concept of setting objectives, it doesn't capture the aspect of mutual agreement or commitment between the educator and learners. C: Feedback mechanisms - This refers to the process of providing feedback on performance, which is different from setting individual learning objectives. D: Pedagogical principles - This term refers to the methods and strategies used in teaching and learning, but it does not specifically address the concept of gaining commitment through mutual agreement on learning objectives.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases. A nurse acting as a nurse epidemiologist focuses on studying and analyzing patterns of disease occurrence in populations. By evaluating the number of clients with similar diseases, the nurse can identify potential outbreaks, trends, and risk factors. This role involves data collection, analysis, and interpretation to prevent and control diseases at a population level. A: Eliciting the health history focuses on individual clients, not population-level data analysis. C: Performing a physical examination is part of direct patient care and not epidemiological analysis. D: Providing treatment and health education is important but does not involve the systematic study of disease patterns in populations.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Community A - with 23 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 500. This community has the highest rate of teenage pregnancies per capita compared to the other communities. By calculating the teenage pregnancy rate per capita, we can see that Community A has the highest rate (4.6%) compared to the other communities. Therefore, it is more urgent to address the issue in Community A first. Community B has a teenage pregnancy rate of 4.5% (45/1000), Community C has a rate of 4.5% (90/2000), and Community D has a rate of 6% (90/1500). While Community D has the same number of teenage pregnancies as Community C, it has a higher teenage pregnancy rate per capita, making it a less urgent priority.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prevalence. Prevalence refers to the proportion of a specific population that has a particular condition at a specific point in time. In this case, the finding of 600 out of 8000 young women testing positive for an STI represents the prevalence of STIs among women aged 17 to 20 at the university health center. Rationale: 1. Epidemic (A) is incorrect because the term refers to a sudden increase in the number of cases of a disease in a specific population, which is not indicated in the question. 2. Incidence (B) is incorrect because it refers to the rate of new cases of a disease within a specified time period, not the total number of existing cases at a particular point in time. 3. Risk (D) is incorrect because it refers to the probability of an individual developing a specific condition, not the proportion of the population that currently has the condition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The prevalence of diabetes is slowly decreasing during screening events. This is the most appropriate measure to assess the impact of the nursing staff's educational programs. Prevalence refers to the total number of individuals with a disease in a population at a specific time. By tracking the prevalence of diabetes during screening events over time, the nurses can determine if their efforts are effective in reducing the number of students diagnosed with diabetes. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect: A: The epidemic of diabetes in the high school is gradually ending - This choice is too broad and doesn't provide a specific measure of impact. Ending an epidemic would require more than just the efforts of the nursing staff. B: The incidence of diabetes is slowly decreasing during screening events - Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a disease within a specific time period. While this is important, it does not capture the overall impact of the educational programs on the existing diabetic cases in the community.