ATI RN
Immune System Medication Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nursing class is studying monoclonal antibodies. What monoclonal antibody reacts to human T cells, disabling them and acting as an immune suppressor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Muromonab-CD3. This monoclonal antibody reacts to human T cells by binding to the CD3 receptor, which disables the T cells and acts as an immune suppressor. Muromonab-CD3 is specifically designed to target T cells and is used in conditions where T cell activity needs to be suppressed, such as in transplant rejection. A: Adalimumab targets TNF-alpha and is used in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. B: Cetuximab targets EGFR and is used in cancer treatment. C: Rituximab targets CD20 on B cells and is used in conditions like lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis. Muromonab-CD3 is the correct answer because of its specific mechanism of action on T cells, distinguishing it from the other choices that target different cell types or pathways.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a female patient, aged 62, who has been admitted for treatment of metastatic melanoma. What agent would the nurse anticipate the physician is likely to order?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ipilimumab. This drug is a checkpoint inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. It works by targeting and blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4), enhancing the immune response against cancer cells. Aldesleukin (A) and Interferon alfa 2b (B) are immunotherapy agents used in melanoma treatment but are not typically first-line for metastatic disease. Cyclosporine (C) is an immunosuppressive agent used in transplant patients, not for treating melanoma.
Question 3 of 5
What interleukin receptor antagonist would the nurse anticipate is most likely to be ordered for a patient, 25 years old, who has not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anakinra (Kineret). Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist commonly used for patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have not responded to traditional antirheumatic drugs. It specifically targets interleukin-1, which plays a key role in the inflammatory response seen in rheumatoid arthritis. Natalizumab (A) is used for multiple sclerosis, Eculizumab (C) for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and Adalimumab (D) for rheumatoid arthritis but targets tumor necrosis factor-alpha, not interleukin-1.
Question 4 of 5
The patient has arrived in the short stay unit for an infusion of tositumomab with 131 tositumomab (Bexxar). Before beginning the infusion, the nurse assesses the patient's vital signs and finds the patient has a temperature of 101.5°F, What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Treating the fever before beginning the therapy. The priority action is to address the elevated temperature to prevent potential complications during the infusion. Treating the fever first ensures patient safety and minimizes the risk of adverse reactions. Notifying the physician (choice B) is important, but immediate intervention to lower the fever is crucial. Holding the infusion (choice A) until the patient is afebrile is appropriate, but addressing the fever promptly is the priority. Starting the infusion and informing the physician (choice C) without addressing the fever may lead to worsening of the patient's condition.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is writing a plan of care for a patient receiving immune suppressants for leukemia. What would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Acute pain related to central nervous system (CNS), gastrointestinal (GI), and flu-like effects. This is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis because immune suppressants commonly cause side effects like pain in the CNS, GI disturbances, and flu-like symptoms. The priority is to address the patient's immediate discomfort and provide appropriate pain management. Choice A (Anxiety related to diagnosis and drug therapy) may be a valid concern for the patient, but addressing acute pain is more urgent in this case. Choice C (Risk for infection related to immune stimulation) is incorrect because immune suppressants actually increase the risk of infection due to decreased immune response. Choice D (Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements) is not the most relevant nursing diagnosis for a patient receiving immune suppressants. Pain management takes precedence over addressing nutrition concerns.