The nurse wants to find out if the patient has tenderness or pain in a part of the body, which examination skill should he use?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct examination skill the nurse should use to determine if the patient has tenderness or pain in a specific part of the body is palpation (Option C). Palpation involves using the hands to feel for abnormalities or changes in body tissues, such as tenderness or pain. This tactile assessment technique allows the nurse to gather important information about the patient's condition. Option A, palpitation, is incorrect as it refers to an abnormal rapid throbbing or fluttering of the heart. Option B, inspection, involves visually examining the body for any visible cues or abnormalities but does not involve assessing tenderness or pain through touch. Option D, percussion, is a technique where the nurse taps on the body to produce sounds that can indicate the presence of fluid or air in body cavities, but it does not assess tenderness or pain directly. In an educational context, understanding the correct use of palpation is crucial for healthcare professionals, especially in patient-centered care and assessment. Palpation allows nurses to gather subjective data from patients, assess for abnormalities, and provide a more comprehensive evaluation of the patient's health status. It also helps in building a trusting relationship with the patient by demonstrating thorough and attentive care. Mastering palpation skills is essential for nurses to conduct thorough physical assessments and provide quality patient care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B) Respiratory therapist. In the context of patient-centered care and addiction practice, it is important to understand the roles of different therapists. Respiratory therapists primarily focus on treating respiratory conditions and are not typically involved in home therapy. Home therapy usually involves occupational therapists (C), physiotherapists (D), and sometimes speech therapists (A). Occupational therapists work with patients to improve their ability to perform daily tasks and adapt their environment to promote independence. Physiotherapists focus on movement and physical rehabilitation to improve mobility and function. Speech therapists work on communication and swallowing disorders. Understanding the roles of various therapists is crucial in providing holistic and comprehensive care to patients with addiction issues. By recognizing the specific roles of each therapist, healthcare providers can collaborate effectively to address the multifaceted needs of individuals struggling with addiction. This knowledge enhances the quality of patient-centered care and promotes better outcomes for those seeking addiction treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: TPN solutions should be changed every 24 hours in order to prevent bacterial overgrowth due to hypertonicity of the solution. Option 1 is incorrect; medication therapy can continue during TPN therapy. Option 3 is incorrect; flushing is not required because the initiation of TPN does not require a client to remain on bed rest during therapy. However, other clinical conditions of the client may affect mobility issues and warrant the client's being on bed rest.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In pressure support ventilation, pressure support breaths are triggered by a decrease in airway pressure. This is because the ventilator senses a drop in airway pressure, indicating that the patient is making an effort to initiate a breath. By providing assistance when the patient triggers a breath, pressure support ventilation helps support spontaneous breathing efforts. Option B, an increase in airway pressure, is incorrect because an increase in airway pressure would not typically trigger a breath in pressure support ventilation. It is the decrease in pressure that signals the need for assistance. Option C, an increase in inspiratory flow rate, and Option D, a decrease in tidal volume, are also incorrect as they are not directly related to triggering pressure support breaths in this ventilation mode. Understanding how pressure support ventilation works is crucial for healthcare providers managing patients on mechanical ventilation, especially those needing support for weaning. Recognizing the triggers for pressure support breaths ensures that the ventilator settings are optimized to support the patient's respiratory efforts effectively.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) 40% fetal hemoglobin concentration. Pulse oximetry measures the oxygen saturation (SaO2) of hemoglobin in arterial blood. Fetal hemoglobin has a higher oxygen affinity compared to adult hemoglobin, resulting in a leftward shift of the oxygen dissociation curve. This means that even at lower SaO2 levels, fetal hemoglobin can still effectively transport oxygen, leading to an accurate reflection of SaO2 on pulse oximetry. Now, let's analyze why the other options are incorrect: A) Administration of indocyanine green: Indocyanine green is a dye used for diagnostic purposes and does not directly affect SaO2 levels. B) Carboxyhemoglobinemia: Carboxyhemoglobinemia is the presence of carbon monoxide in the blood, which interferes with oxygen binding to hemoglobin, leading to inaccurate SaO2 readings. D) Methemoglobinemia: Methemoglobinemia is a condition where iron in hemoglobin is oxidized, reducing its ability to bind oxygen and resulting in inaccurate SaO2 readings. Educationally, understanding the factors that can affect pulse oximetry readings is crucial in clinical practice, especially when caring for patients with conditions like fetal hemoglobin concentration, carboxyhemoglobinemia, or methemoglobinemia. This knowledge helps healthcare providers interpret SaO2 values accurately and make informed clinical decisions.