The nurse understands the differences between drug excretion in children and that in adults. With this knowledge, what does the nurse consider when administering drugs to children?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because children have slower drug excretion compared to adults due to immature renal and hepatic functions. This makes them more vulnerable to drug accumulation and potential toxicity. Therefore, the nurse must prioritize assessing for drug accumulation when administering drugs to children. Choice A is incorrect because not all children need a higher dose of a drug, as dosages are based on weight and age-specific factors. Choice B is incorrect because children may not always excrete drugs rapidly, and the focus should be on potential drug accumulation. Choice D is incorrect because children do not always excrete drugs at the same rate as adults, and assessments are crucial not just to avoid side effects, but also to prevent drug accumulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: C: Avocados and mushrooms are rich in potassium, which can help counteract the potassium-wasting effects of hydrochlorothiazide. Avocado contains around 485mg of potassium per 100g, and mushrooms have around 396mg per 100g. Both are excellent choices for increasing potassium intake. Summary: A: Cabbage and corn are not as high in potassium compared to avocados and mushrooms. B: Bread and cheese are not significant sources of potassium compared to avocados and mushrooms. D: Brown rice and fish do contain some potassium, but not as much as avocados and mushrooms.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Opioid withdrawal. The symptoms described, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, and restlessness, are common manifestations of opioid withdrawal. Opioids depress the central nervous system, and abrupt discontinuation can lead to withdrawal symptoms as the body tries to readjust. Symptoms usually appear within 6-12 hours after the last dose. Other choices (B) Alcohol toxicity presents with confusion, stupor, and respiratory depression. (C) Flashbacks from LSD use are characteristic of hallucinogen persisting perception disorder. (D) Nicotine withdrawal typically includes irritability, anxiety, and cravings.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Limit access to high-alert drugs. This strategy is recommended to decrease the risk of errors because it restricts the availability of high-risk medications to only authorized personnel, reducing the likelihood of medication errors. By limiting access, only trained and qualified staff members will handle these drugs, minimizing the potential for mistakes. Explanation for other choices: A: Storing drugs on a shelf for quick retrieval may increase the risk of errors as it allows easier access to high-alert drugs, potentially leading to misuse or incorrect administration. C: Using special labels for high-alert drugs can be helpful but may not be as effective as limiting access in preventing errors. D: Providing increased training to staff is beneficial, but alone may not be sufficient to reduce errors if access to high-alert drugs is not restricted.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C - "Avoid mixing medications into infant formula." This is important because mixing medications into infant formula can alter the medication's efficacy or cause serious harm to the infant. It is crucial to administer medications as directed by healthcare providers to ensure proper dosage and absorption. Incorrect choices: A - Administering GI-irritating drugs with food may reduce stomach irritation, but it is not always necessary and depends on specific drug instructions. B - The statement about sublingual nitroglycerin is unrelated to the administration of oral medications. D - Adding water and crushing drugs before disposal is not a standard practice for administering oral medications.