ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Chapter 1 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse understands that which of the following foods should be omitted from a patient’s diet before an electroencephalogram (EEG)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Coffee should be omitted from the patient's diet before an EEG because caffeine can interfere with the test results by affecting brain activity and creating false readings. Coffee is a stimulant that can alter brain waves and impact the accuracy of the EEG. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: A glass of orange juice - Orange juice does not contain caffeine and is not known to interfere with EEG results. C: Cheese - Cheese does not contain caffeine and is not known to interfere with EEG results. D: Strawberry ice cream - Ice cream does not contain caffeine and is not known to interfere with EEG results.
Question 2 of 5
The postanesthesia care unit (PACU) charge nurse notes vital signs on four postoperative clients. Which client would the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a respiratory rate of 6 breaths/min indicates severe respiratory distress, potentially leading to respiratory failure or arrest. This client needs immediate assessment and intervention to prevent further complications. A: A blood pressure of 100/50 mm Hg is low but not immediately life-threatening. B: A pulse of 118 beats/min is elevated but not as urgent as severe respiratory distress. D: A temperature of 96° F (35.6° C) is slightly below normal but not a priority compared to respiratory distress.
Question 3 of 5
A postoperative client has just been admitted to the postanesthesia care unit (PACU). What assessment by the PACU nurse takes priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Airway. Priority in postoperative assessment is airway patency to ensure oxygenation and prevent airway obstruction. The rationale is based on the ABCs (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) of prioritizing patient care. Ensuring a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation, preventing hypoxia and respiratory distress. Bleeding (B) can be addressed once airway is secured. Breathing (C) is important but comes after ensuring the airway. Cardiac rhythm (D) is important but is secondary to airway assessment in this situation.
Question 4 of 5
When assessing a patient who is receiving a loop diuretic, the nurse looks for the manifestations of potassium deficiency, which would include what symptoms? (Select the one that does not apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dyspnea. Loop diuretics can lead to potassium deficiency, which can manifest as symptoms such as muscle weakness, constipation, and tinnitus. Dyspnea is not typically associated with potassium deficiency. Potassium plays a crucial role in muscle and nerve function, so muscle weakness is a common symptom. Constipation can occur due to altered smooth muscle function with low potassium levels. Tinnitus can be a result of inner ear disturbances related to potassium imbalances. However, dyspnea is more commonly associated with respiratory or cardiovascular issues rather than potassium deficiency.
Question 5 of 5
A patient at the clinic says, “I always walk after dinner, but lately my leg cramps and hurts after just a few minutes. The pain goes away after I stop walking, though.” What focused assessment should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the patient's symptoms suggest a possible vascular issue, such as peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Palpating for the dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses can help assess the adequacy of blood flow in the lower extremities. A decrease or absence of these pulses may indicate compromised blood flow, leading to symptoms like leg cramps and pain with activity. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly address the patient's symptoms of leg cramps and pain with walking, which are suggestive of a vascular etiology. Looking for tortuous veins, skin color changes in response to cold, or unilateral swelling, redness, and tenderness may be indicative of other conditions like varicose veins, Raynaud's phenomenon, or deep vein thrombosis, respectively. However, these symptoms are not consistent with the patient's presentation in this scenario.