ATI RN
Wongs Essentials of Pediatric Nursing 11th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse understands that which of the ff. best describes the action of enalapril maleate (Vasotec)?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Enalapril maleate (Vasotec) is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The main action of ACE inhibitors like enalapril is to decrease the levels of angiotensin II in the body. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that plays a role in regulating blood pressure, stimulating aldosterone secretion, and promoting sodium and water retention. By inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, enalapril reduces vasoconstriction and aldosterone secretion, leading to vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and ultimately decreased levels of angiotensin II. This mechanism allows for the dilation of arterioles and veins, reduction in cardiac afterload, and ultimately decreases the workload of the heart.
Question 2 of 5
An agitated, confused client arrives in the emergency department. The client's history includes type 1 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and angina pectoris. Assessment reveals pallor, diaphoresis, headache, and intense hunger. A stat blood glucose sample measures 42mg/dl, and the client is treated for an acute hypoglycemic reaction. After recovery, the nurse teaches the client to treat hypoglycemia by ingesting:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When treating hypoglycemia, it is important to provide a quick source of sugar to raise blood glucose levels rapidly. Consuming 10 to 15 grams of a simple carbohydrate is appropriate for treating mild to moderate hypoglycemia. Examples of foods that contain approximately 10 to 15 grams of simple carbohydrates include four glucose tabs, 4 ounces of fruit juice, 5 to 6 pieces of hard candy, or 1 tablespoon of honey. It is also recommended to recheck blood glucose levels after 15 minutes and have a snack or meal to prevent glucose levels from dropping again.
Question 3 of 5
You have the results of PCR tests for Mycoplasma pneumoniae; the number of positive tests is 83 collected from a 100 truly-infected persons. The sensitivity of this test is
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sensitivity = (True positives / Truly infected) * 100 = (83 / 100) * 100 = 83%.
Question 4 of 5
A client is admitted to an acute care facility with esophageal cancer. The incidence of esophageal cancer is highest in:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The incidence of esophageal cancer is highest in black males. Studies have shown that black males have a higher risk of developing esophageal cancer compared to other demographic groups. Various factors contribute to this increased risk, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle habits (such as smoking and alcohol consumption), and potential disparities in access to healthcare and early detection. It is important for healthcare providers to be aware of these disparities in order to provide appropriate care and support for individuals at higher risk for esophageal cancer.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a newborn with hyperbilirubinemia who is receiving phototherapy. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention for this newborn?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring temperature to prevent hypothermia or hyperthermia is an appropriate nursing intervention for a newborn with hyperbilirubinemia receiving phototherapy. Phototherapy can increase the risk of hypothermia in newborns due to increased heat loss from evaporation, convection, and conduction. On the other hand, hyperthermia can occur if the newborn is over-wrapped or placed too closely to the light source. Therefore, frequent temperature monitoring is essential to maintain a stable body temperature within a normal range and prevent adverse effects related to temperature dysregulation.