The nurse understands that if a client continues to be dependent on heroin throughout her pregnancy, her baby will be at high risk for:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Heroin dependence. Heroin is a highly addictive substance that can pass through the placenta to the developing fetus, leading to physical dependence in the baby. This can result in withdrawal symptoms after birth, known as Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). NAS can cause various health issues for the baby, including respiratory problems, feeding difficulties, seizures, and even death. Therefore, if the mother continues to be dependent on heroin during pregnancy, the baby is at high risk for developing heroin dependence due to exposure in utero. Incorrect choices: A: Mental retardation - Heroin use during pregnancy can impact the baby's cognitive development, but it is not directly linked to mental retardation. C: Addiction in adulthood - While exposure to heroin in utero can increase the risk of addiction later in life, the immediate concern is the baby developing heroin dependence. D: Psychological disturbances - Heroin use can contribute to psychological issues in both the mother and the baby, but the

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) is known for its primary goal of helping individuals maintain sobriety. Step 2: The 12-step program is a method utilized by AA to achieve the goal of sobriety. Step 3: AA provides a supportive environment for members to share experiences and offer mutual support. Step 4: Fellowship among members is a crucial aspect of AA in promoting long-term recovery. Step 5: Teaching positive coping mechanisms is important, but the main focus of AA is on supporting members in staying sober. Summary: Choice B is correct as AA's primary function is to help members maintain sobriety through a supportive community and the 12-step program. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not capture the main purpose of AA, which is supporting long-term recovery through sobriety.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because clients with dementia often struggle with memory and cognitive functioning, making it essential to establish a routine for activities of daily living to promote independence and reduce confusion. This outcome criterion focuses on maintaining a structured schedule to support the client's ability to perform tasks consistently. A is incorrect because expecting the client to return to an adequate level of self-functioning is unrealistic given the progressive nature of dementia. B is incorrect as learning new coping mechanisms may be challenging for someone with dementia due to cognitive impairment. C is incorrect because relying on the client to seek out resources in the community may not be feasible given their cognitive limitations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it emphasizes the importance of client autonomy and responsibility in decision-making. As a nurse, it is crucial to empower clients to make their own choices and decisions regarding their care. By reminding the student nurse that clients are responsible for their choices, the instructor encourages the student to focus on supporting and guiding the client rather than providing direct advice. This approach aligns with ethical principles of patient-centered care and promotes client empowerment. Choice A is incorrect because it normalizes not having the answer, which may undermine the student nurse's confidence. Choice C is incorrect as it is vague and does not provide specific guidance on how to address the student's concerns. Choice D is incorrect because it focuses on personal improvement rather than the client's autonomy, which is the key issue in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer, B, is an example of offering self, a therapeutic communication technique where the nurse offers to provide assistance or support to the patient. By offering to accompany the patient to their electroconvulsive therapy treatment, the nurse shows willingness to be present and provide comfort during a potentially distressing experience, thereby building trust and rapport. Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on the group session rather than offering personal support. Choice C is incorrect as it observes the patient's behavior without offering direct assistance. Choice D is incorrect as it involves a social invitation after discharge rather than offering support during the current therapy session.