Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased calcium level. Parathyroid hormone functions to increase blood calcium levels. When calcium levels are low, the parathyroid gland releases PTH to stimulate the release of calcium from bones and increase calcium absorption from the intestines and kidneys. This helps to maintain normal calcium levels in the blood. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because decreased phosphate level, functioning thyroid gland, and adequate vitamin D level are not direct requirements for the action of parathyroid hormone.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urinary output every hour. This is because assessing urinary output is crucial for monitoring fluid balance in burn patients. Adequate urine output indicates proper fluid replacement, while decreased output may indicate dehydration. Recording weights daily (choice A) may be important but not as immediate and specific as urinary output. Blood pressure every 15 minutes (choice B) is too frequent and not directly related to fluid replacement in this context. Monitoring peripheral edema every 4 hours (choice D) is not as reliable as urinary output for assessing fluid status.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because in HHNS, the primary goal is to gradually correct dehydration without causing fluid overload. Administering IV fluid slowly helps prevent circulatory overload and collapse. Choice A is incorrect as rapid administration can lead to fluid overload and electrolyte imbalances. Choice B is incorrect as 6L over 24 hours is excessive and can cause fluid overload. Choice C is incorrect as dextrose solution with normal saline is not the ideal fluid replacement for this condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pneumonia Carnii. Pulmonary complications in AIDS patients are commonly caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii (previously known as Pneumocystis carinii) pneumonia. This opportunistic infection targets the lungs of immunocompromised individuals, leading to severe respiratory issues. Kaposi's Sarcoma (A) is a cancer commonly seen in AIDS patients but does not directly cause pulmonary complications. Filterable Virus (C) is a vague term and not a known cause of pulmonary issues in AIDS patients. Staphylococcus bacteria (D) can cause infections in AIDS patients but is less common than Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in causing pulmonary complications.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Volume overload with hemodilution. In deep partial-thickness burns, there can be fluid shifts leading to volume overload. This excess fluid in the intravascular space can dilute the blood, resulting in a decreased hematocrit (Hct). Reduced Hct indicates lower concentration of red blood cells in the blood. Other choices are incorrect because hypoalbuminemia would lead to hemoconcentration, metabolic acidosis would not directly cause a reduced Hct, and lack of erythropoietin factor would primarily affect erythropoiesis but not directly lead to decreased Hct.