ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Book Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse teaches the client about the difference between oral and nasal decongestants. The nurse evaluates that learning has been effective when the client makes which statement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oral decongestants (e.g., pseudoephedrine) act systemically, raising blood pressure via vasoconstriction, a key difference from nasal decongestants (e.g., oxymetazoline), which act locally but risk rebound congestion. The statement 'Oral decongestants can cause hypertension' shows the client grasps this systemic effect, indicating effective teaching. Nasal decongestants aren't safe for a month ; they cause rebound after 3-5 days. Only nasal decongestants typically cause rebound , not oral. Oral efficacy varies, not inherently superior. Choice A reflects accurate understanding of oral decongestants' broader impact, critical for safe use, making it the best learning indicator.
Question 2 of 5
A patient taking sunitinib reports that the skin on the hands and feet is red, painful, and has some blisters. Which action is appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Sunitinib, a multikinase inhibitor, can cause hand-foot syndrome, a condition characterized by redness, pain, and blistering on the palms and soles. This side effect can be severe and may require dose adjustments or treatment interruptions. The nurse should notify the oncologist to evaluate the severity of the symptoms and determine if a dosage reduction is necessary. While protective measures like wearing gloves can help, they are not sufficient if the symptoms are severe. Documentation alone is inadequate for managing this potentially debilitating side effect.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing instructions to a client who is taking doxapram (Dopram). Which of the following statements made by the client needs further instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Doxapram (Dopram) is a respiratory stimulant medication used to treat respiratory depression. It is usually taken during the day, as it can cause stimulation and increased alertness. Taking it at bedtime may lead to difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep due to its stimulating effects. Therefore, the client should be instructed to take the medication during the day and not at bedtime.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following are complications of Warfarin? (select all that apply)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication that works by inhibiting the body's ability to clot blood. While it is an effective medication for preventing blood clots and strokes, one of its major complications is the increased risk of bleeding. This can manifest as easy bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums, or more serious internal bleeding in organs such as the stomach or brain. Cramps, fever, and nausea are not common complications of Warfarin use.
Question 5 of 5
A 17-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with severe right lower quadrant pain that he first felt around his umbilicus. His white blood cell count is 12,000/μL of blood. He is taken to the operating room for emergent laparoscopic appendectomy. About an hour into the surgery, his body temperature spikes and CO2 production rises uncontrollably. What is the next step in the treatment of this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fever and CO2 rise during surgery suggest malignant hyperthermia (MH). Dantrolene , a ryanodine receptor antagonist, halts MH by blocking calcium release. Acetaminophen reduces fever but not MH. Bromocriptine treats neuroleptic syndrome. Diazepam and Naproxen (E) are irrelevant. Dantrolene's specificity saves lives in this surgical emergency.