ATI RN
NCLEX Questions on Oxygenation and Perfusion Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse teaches a patient about using a peak flow meter. Which statement indicates effective learning?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because blowing into the peak flow meter hard and fast ensures an accurate measurement of peak expiratory flow rate. This technique helps assess the severity of asthma and monitor response to treatment. Choice A is incorrect because using the meter before medication may not reflect actual lung function. Choice C is incorrect as inhaling deeply does not measure lung capacity. Choice D is incorrect because peak flow meters are used for proactive monitoring, not just when feeling short of breath.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse observes an air leak in the chest tube system. What is the appropriate action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to check the system for loose connections (Choice C). First, ensure that all connections are secure to prevent further air leakage. Clamping the chest tube (Choice A) can create tension leading to more air leaks. Repositioning the chest tube (Choice B) may not address the underlying issue of loose connections. Notifying the healthcare provider (Choice D) is important but addressing the immediate concern of loose connections should be the initial action to prevent complications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse reviews discharge instructions for a patient with newly diagnosed COPD. Which statement by the patient indicates effective teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because eating smaller meals helps prevent feeling too full, which can worsen breathing difficulties in COPD patients. Step 1: COPD patients often experience shortness of breath, especially when the stomach is full. Step 2: Eating smaller meals can help reduce the pressure on the diaphragm and lungs, making breathing easier. Step 3: This demonstrates the patient's understanding of how diet can impact their respiratory symptoms. Incorrect choices: A: Avoiding physical activity can lead to physical deconditioning, worsening COPD symptoms. C: Using a rescue inhaler before meals is not a standard practice for COPD management. D: Increasing oxygen flow rate without medical guidance can be dangerous and ineffective in managing COPD.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with asthma is prescribed salmeterol. What is the nurse's priority teaching point?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because salmeterol is a long-acting beta agonist that needs to be taken regularly, twice a day, to control asthma symptoms effectively. This teaching point is crucial for the patient to understand the importance of adherence to the medication regimen. Choice A is incorrect because salmeterol is not a rescue inhaler for immediate relief during an asthma attack. Choice C is incorrect as salmeterol does not require shaking before use. Choice D is incorrect because rinsing the mouth after inhaling is typically advised for corticosteroid inhalers to prevent oral thrush, not for salmeterol.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with acute respiratory distress. What assessment finding is the priority to report?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oxygen saturation of 86% on room air. This is the priority finding to report because it indicates severe hypoxemia, which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate intervention to prevent tissue damage and organ failure. Oxygen saturation should ideally be above 90%. Choice B (Respiratory rate of 28 breaths per minute) is important but not as critical as severe hypoxemia. Choice C (Heart rate of 102 beats per minute) may be a compensatory response to hypoxemia, and while important, it is not as urgent as addressing the low oxygen saturation. Choice D (Blood pressure of 140/92 mm Hg) is within normal range and does not indicate immediate danger compared to severe hypoxemia.