ATI RN
ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse teaches a class for college students about osteoporosis. What is the best information to include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Osteoporosis prevention starts early-peak bone mass in 20s (diet, exercise)-per bone health science. Meds treat, not primarily prevent. It's not inevitable-lifestyle matters. Men get it too-less than women. Early action informs, per prevention.
Question 2 of 5
Intravenous (IV) therapy is ordered for a patient with a serum sodium of 150 mEq/L. Which of the following does the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a patient with a high serum sodium level (hypernatremia), the goal is to lower the sodium concentration gradually to avoid rapid changes and prevent cerebral edema. A hypotonic solution like 0.25% normal saline (0.25% NS) is appropriate for this situation. The lower sodium content in the solution can help reduce the elevated serum sodium level by diluting it while providing some fluid for hydration. Solutions like 0.45% NS, 3% NS, and 5% NS have osmolarities that are higher than normal serum osmolality and would not be suitable for correcting hypernatremia.
Question 3 of 5
Three days after a patient's total colectomy and ileostomy, he has a nasogastric tube for continuous suction and a Foley catheter for continuous drainage. The night nurse reports a high output from the ileostomy. The patient's pulse is irregular, and he reports leg weakness. Based on this situation, the nurse would correctly suspect what type of imbalance?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient's symptoms of irregular pulse and leg weakness, along with high ileostomy output, suggest hypokalemia. High ileostomy output can lead to excessive loss of potassium, a key electrolyte responsible for muscle and nerve function. Hypokalemia can cause muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias, which align with the patient's symptoms. Hyperkalemia (B) would typically cause muscle cramps and cardiac abnormalities like peaked T-waves, not weakness. Hyponatremia (C) and hypercalcemia (D) do not typically present with these specific symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
What is an expected outcome for Lithium
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lithium is commonly used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. One of the expected outcomes of lithium treatment is a decreased incidence of acute manic episodes. Lithium helps stabilize mood and reduce the frequency and severity of manic episodes in patients with bipolar disorder. It is considered one of the first-line treatments for managing symptoms of mania in bipolar disorder. While lithium has various physiological effects in the body, its primary use in mental health is to manage mood symptoms associated with bipolar disorder, particularly the manic phase. Therefore, the expected outcome of lithium treatment is a decrease in the incidence of acute manic episodes.
Question 5 of 5
A client is admitted to the emergency room complaining of difficulty of breathing and upon auscultation, the nurse noted that the patient has wheezes. An allergic reaction to penicillin was
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol (Ventolin HFA) is a short-acting beta-agonist bronchodilator commonly used to treat asthma exacerbations and wheezing. In this case, the patient presenting with wheezes and difficulty breathing likely has bronchospasm, which albuterol can help relieve by relaxing the muscles in the airways. It is the first-line treatment for acute bronchospasm and is administered via inhalation to provide quick relief of symptoms. Albuterol works rapidly to open up the airways, making it an appropriate initial medication to administer in this situation.