The nurse suspects stable angina rather than MI pain in the patient who reports chest pain that

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because chest pain relieved by nitroglycerin is a classic symptom of stable angina, indicating a temporary lack of oxygen to the heart muscle. This distinguishes it from MI pain, which is not typically relieved by nitroglycerin. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they are not specific to stable angina and can also be present in MI pain. Choice B is a common symptom for both conditions, choice C describes radiation patterns seen in both conditions, and choice D is a trigger for both stable angina and MI pain.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates active listening and encourages the patient to express their reasoning, which helps in understanding their perspective. By asking the patient to explain why they don't feel the need for lifestyle changes, it opens up dialogue and allows for exploration of their beliefs and concerns. This approach can uncover underlying issues, provide insight into their readiness for change, and guide the conversation towards addressing their specific barriers or misconceptions. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes the family's desires without directly addressing the patient's concerns. Choice C jumps to conclusions about the patient's denial stage without exploring their thoughts. Choice D is directive and may come across as dismissive of the patient's autonomy and readiness for change.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because baroreceptors sense changes in blood pressure and send signals to the brain. When blood pressure is high, baroreceptors signal the brain to decrease heart rate via the parasympathetic nervous system. When blood pressure is low, baroreceptors signal the brain to increase heart rate via the sympathetic nervous system. This regulatory mechanism helps maintain blood pressure within a normal range. Choice A is incorrect because it does not mention the role of baroreceptors in sensing blood pressure changes. Choice B is incorrect because it does not explain the specific mechanism by which baroreceptors regulate heart rate. Choice D is incorrect because it does not address the involvement of the brain in the regulation of heart rate by baroreceptors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because older adults with heart and blood vessel diseases are more susceptible to thrombophlebitis due to reduced mobility, which can lead to blood pooling and clot formation in the veins. Reduced mobility can result from various reasons such as age-related muscle weakness, joint stiffness, and overall frailty. This stagnant blood flow increases the risk of clot formation, especially in the lower extremities. Choice B is incorrect because it contradicts the concept of reduced mobility in older adults. Choice C is incorrect as the use of IV drugs and chemicals is not directly linked to thrombophlebitis in this context. Choice D is incorrect as diet restrictions, although important for cardiovascular health, do not directly contribute to the susceptibility of thrombophlebitis in older adults with heart and blood vessel diseases.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cerebral emboli may occur. After a TMR procedure, there is a risk of small blood clots (emboli) forming and traveling to the brain, leading to potential neurological complications. Assessing the client's mental status can help detect any signs of cerebral emboli, such as confusion or altered consciousness. Summary: A: Cerebral hemorrhage is not a common complication of TMR. B: Severe headache is not specific to cerebral emboli. C: Loss of consciousness can occur due to various reasons post-TMR, but it is not directly related to cerebral emboli.