ATI RN
Questions on Respiratory System Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse supervises unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) providing care for a client who has right lower lobe pneumonia. Which action by the UAP requires the nurse to intervene?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D Rationale: 1. In right lower lobe pneumonia, positioning the client with the affected side down helps improve ventilation and drainage. 2. Lowering the head of the bed to 15 degrees promotes pooling of secretions, worsening respiratory status. 3. A, B, and C are appropriate actions that promote client comfort and safety in pneumonia management. 4. Intervening in option D is crucial to prevent complications and promote effective respiratory care.
Question 2 of 5
The organ of the respiratory system that traps bacteria with a ring of tonsils is the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: pharynx. The pharynx is the organ that traps bacteria with its tonsils. The tonsils are located in the pharynx and act as the body's first line of defense against pathogens entering the respiratory system. The nose (choice A) is responsible for warming, humidifying, and filtering air, but it does not trap bacteria with tonsils. The larynx (choice C) is involved in sound production and preventing food from entering the airway, not trapping bacteria. The trachea (choice D) is the windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs, but it does not have tonsils to trap bacteria.
Question 3 of 5
Nurse Reese is caring for a client hospitalized with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on assessment of this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A hyperinflated chest noted on the chest x-ray. In COPD, air trapping leads to hyperinflation of the lungs, causing the chest to appear hyperinflated on x-ray. This is due to the increased residual volume and decreased expiratory flow rates in COPD. Incorrect choices: A: Hypocapnia is unlikely in COPD as patients typically retain carbon dioxide due to impaired gas exchange. C: Increased oxygen saturation with exercise is unlikely in COPD as these patients often have decreased oxygen saturation due to impaired gas exchange. D: A widened diaphragm would not be a typical finding on chest x-ray in COPD; hyperinflated lungs are more characteristic.
Question 4 of 5
A male client comes to the emergency department complaining of sudden onset of diarrhea, anorexia, malaise, cough, headache, and recurrent chills. Based on the client's history and physical findings, the physician suspects Legionnaires' disease. While awaiting diagnostic test results, the client is admitted to the facility and started on antibiotic therapy. What is the drug of choice for treating Legionnaires' disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: erythromycin (Erythrocin). Legionnaires' disease is caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila, and erythromycin is the drug of choice for treating this infection. Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that effectively targets Legionella bacteria by inhibiting their protein synthesis. It is bacteriostatic at low concentrations and bactericidal at higher concentrations. Rifampin (B) is not the preferred choice for Legionnaires' disease. Amantadine (C) is used for treating influenza A virus, not Legionella bacteria. Amphotericin B (D) is an antifungal agent and is not effective against Legionella pneumophila. Utilizing erythromycin as the treatment of choice ensures successful eradication of the Legionella bacteria and helps the client recover from the infection.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is working in a walk-in clinic. She has been alerted that there is an outbreak of tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following clients entering the clinic today is most likely to have TB?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, a 43-year-old homeless man with a history of alcoholism. This choice is most likely to have TB because individuals who are homeless and have a history of alcoholism are at higher risk for TB due to weakened immune systems and living conditions. Homelessness and alcoholism increase the likelihood of exposure to TB. Explanation for other choices: A: A 16-year-old female high school student - Less likely to have TB compared to homeless individuals with risk factors. B: A 33-year-old day-care worker - Possible but less likely compared to the homeless man with a history of alcoholism. D: A 54-year-old businessman - Least likely to have TB compared to the homeless individual with risk factors.