The nurse states to a client on an inpatient unit,"Tell me what's been on your mind." Which describes the purpose of this therapeutic communication technique?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To have the client choose the topic of the conversation. By asking the client to share what's on their mind, the nurse is allowing the client to lead the discussion and express their concerns or thoughts. This empowers the client to direct the conversation towards what is most important to them, promoting client-centered care and fostering a sense of autonomy. Choice B is incorrect because the purpose is not to present new ideas but to encourage the client to share their own thoughts. Choice C is incorrect as conveying interest is important in therapeutic communication but not the primary purpose of this specific technique. Choice D is incorrect as the purpose is not specifically to provide time for reflection but to allow the client to initiate the conversation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because an autocratic leader makes decisions for the group without consulting them. In this response, the leader dictates the topic without considering input from group members. Choice B involves democratic leadership by seeking input from everyone. Choice C also reflects democratic leadership by allowing the group to reach a decision collectively. Choice D demonstrates a collaborative approach, not autocratic, as the leader is working with the group to find a suitable topic.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hildegarde Peplau. She is considered the mother of psychiatric nursing and played a major role in developing specialty training programs for psychiatric nurses. Peplau's interpersonal theory of nursing emphasized the importance of the nurse-patient relationship in mental health care, leading to the integration of psychological principles into nursing practice. Nutting (A) was a nursing education pioneer, Bailey (C) was known for her work in public health nursing, and Richards (D) was the first trained nurse in the US, but they did not have the same impact on psychiatric nursing training as Peplau.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because seeing oneself as capable of achieving ideals and meeting demands indicates a positive self-perception and mental strength, aligning with the goal of demonstrating mentally healthy behavior. Choice B is incorrect as it describes impulsive behavior, which is not indicative of mental health. Choice C suggests aggressive and selfish behavior, which goes against mental health principles. Choice D, seeking help when needed, is important but does not directly demonstrate the achievement of mentally healthy behavior like choice A does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, a patient diagnosed with schizophrenia. CBT may not be suitable for individuals with severe cognitive impairments like those with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia can affect a person's ability to engage in cognitive processes necessary for CBT, such as reality testing and cognitive restructuring. Patients with schizophrenia may struggle with delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking, making it challenging to benefit from traditional CBT techniques. Substance abuse (A), depression (B), and eating disorders (D) are conditions that have shown to respond well to CBT techniques, making them appropriate candidates for treatment.