The nurse should teach the patient with chronic constipation that which food has the highest dietary fiber?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, dried beans. Dried beans have one of the highest dietary fiber contents among all the options provided. Fiber helps promote regular bowel movements and prevent constipation. Dried beans are also a good source of nutrients and low in fat. Peaches (A) have fiber but not as high as dried beans. Popcorn (B) has some fiber, but it is lower compared to dried beans. Shredded wheat (D) is a good source of fiber, but dried beans have a higher fiber content.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Hepatitis B (HBV) is a DNA virus. 2. It can be transmitted via exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. 3. HBV is required for HDV to replicate. 4. Chronic carriers of HBV are at increased risk for hepatocellular cancer. Summary: - Choice A (HAV) is incorrect because it is an RNA virus and not associated with chronic carrier state or hepatocellular cancer. - Choice C (HCV) is incorrect as it is an RNA virus, not required for HDV replication, and has a different risk profile for hepatocellular cancer. - Choice D (HEV) is incorrect as it is an RNA virus and not linked to HDV replication or chronic carrier state.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Prevent constipation to reduce ammonia production. In hepatic encephalopathy, the liver is unable to metabolize ammonia, leading to its accumulation and brain dysfunction. Preventing constipation helps reduce the production of ammonia by promoting regular bowel movements. This is crucial in managing hepatic encephalopathy to prevent worsening of symptoms and improve patient safety. A: Turning the patient every 3 hours is important for preventing pressure ulcers but is not directly related to managing hepatic encephalopathy. B: Encouraging increasing ambulation may be beneficial for overall patient health but does not directly address the priority of reducing ammonia production in hepatic encephalopathy. C: Assisting the patient to the bathroom is important for maintaining hygiene and comfort but does not address the underlying issue of reducing ammonia production in hepatic encephalopathy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because after a cholecystectomy, the gallbladder is removed, and bile flows continuously from the liver into the intestine. Initially, the intestine may struggle to adjust to this continuous flow of bile, leading to difficulty in digesting fats. Therefore, a low-fat diet is recommended for a few weeks post-surgery to aid in this adjustment period. This answer acknowledges the temporary need for a low-fat diet until the body adapts. Choice A is incorrect because the primary purpose of a low-fat diet post-cholecystectomy is not to prevent further gallstones but to aid in fat digestion. Choice B is incorrect as the body can still digest fats adequately even without a gallbladder, though it may take some time to adjust. Choice D is incorrect because while the pain associated with fat intake may be eliminated, it is still important to follow dietary recommendations post-surgery for optimal recovery.