ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse should assess a patient taking a drug with anticholinergic properties for inhibited function of the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Anticholinergic drugs block acetylcholine, affecting parasympathetic (rest and digest) functions. 2. The parasympathetic system controls functions like digestion, urination, and constriction of pupils. 3. Inhibited parasympathetic function can lead to symptoms like dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention. 4. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because anticholinergic drugs do not directly affect the sympathetic nervous system, reticular activating system, or medulla oblongata.
Question 2 of 5
A patient begins therapy with a phenothiazine medication. What teaching should the nurse provide related to the drug™s strong dopaminergic effect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Phenothiazine medications have a strong dopaminergic effect, which can result in extrapyramidal side effects such as muscle movement changes. Step 2: Teaching the patient to report changes in muscle movement is crucial to monitor for potential side effects. Step 3: Chewing sugarless gum is not directly related to the dopaminergic effect of the drug. Step 4: Increasing dietary fiber is not specifically relevant to the dopaminergic effect of the drug. Step 5: Arising slowly from bed is more related to orthostatic hypotension, a common side effect of phenothiazines, rather than the dopaminergic effect.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse cares for a group of patients receiving various medications, including haloperidol, carbamazepine, trazodone, and phenalgine. The nurse will order a special diet for the patient who takes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: phenelzine. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) antidepressant that requires dietary restrictions to avoid tyramine-containing foods. Tyramine-rich foods can cause a hypertensive crisis when combined with MAOIs. The other medications listed do not have specific dietary restrictions related to their use. Haloperidol is an antipsychotic, carbamazepine is an anticonvulsant, and trazodone is an antidepressant, none of which necessitate a special diet. Therefore, the nurse should order a special diet for the patient taking phenelzine to prevent potential adverse reactions.
Question 4 of 5
The laboratory report for a patient taking clozapine (Clozaril) shows a white blood cell count of 3000 mm3. Select the nurse™s best action.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. A white blood cell count of 3000 mm3 in a patient taking clozapine is concerning for agranulocytosis, a potentially life-threatening side effect. The nurse should report these results to the health care provider immediately for further evaluation and possible discontinuation of the medication. Administering the next dose (B) can worsen the condition. Giving aspirin and forcing fluids (C) is not indicated for this situation. Repeating the laboratory test (D) may delay necessary intervention.
Question 5 of 5
An individual hiking in the forest encounters a large poisonous snake on the path. Which change in this individual™s vital signs is most likely?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because encountering a large poisonous snake can trigger a fight-or-flight response, leading to an increase in blood pressure to prepare for potential danger. This response is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system, causing vasoconstriction and increased cardiac output. Choices A and B are less likely as a decrease in pulse or respiratory rate is not typical in this situation. Choice C is less directly related to the physiological response to a threat compared to blood pressure changes.