ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Pre-Assessment Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse receives a stat order to administer 50% dextrose solution intravenously to a 1-year-old child with hypoglycemia. How should this drug best be prepared for safe administration to the child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering 50% dextrose solution directly to a 1-year-old child is unsafe due to the risk of hyperosmolar injury to veins and tissues. Diluting it 1:1 with sterile water reduces the concentration to 25%, making it safer for pediatric administration. Using a filter needle (A) or tuberculin syringe (B) is not necessary for this preparation. Shaking the solution (D) is inappropriate and could introduce air bubbles.
Question 2 of 5
MIMS stands for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: MIMS stands for Monthly Index of Medical Specialties. It is a comprehensive drug database and medical reference resource widely used by healthcare professionals around the world. MIMS provides essential information on prescription and over-the-counter drugs, medical news, disease management guidelines, medical directories, and more. The term "Monthly" in MIMS highlights that the information is regularly updated on a monthly basis to ensure healthcare professionals have access to the most current and reliable information relevant to their practice.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is a potassium-sparing diuretic?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, which means that it helps the body get rid of excess sodium and water while retaining potassium. This is accomplished by blocking the action of aldosterone, a hormone that normally causes the kidneys to retain sodium and water and excrete potassium. Potassium-sparing diuretics like spironolactone are often used in conjunction with other diuretics to prevent potassium loss and maintain electrolyte balance. In contrast, options A, C, and D (Furosemide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Bumetanide) are loop diuretics or thiazide diuretics which promote the excretion of both sodium and potassium.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is scheduled to receive high-dose cyclophosphamide via an intravenous infusion as treatment for cancer. Which will be most important for the nurse to include when teaching the patient about cyclophosphamide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyclophosphamide can cause hemorrhagic cystitis, a serious side effect resulting from the irritation of the bladder lining by its metabolites. To prevent this, patients must maintain high fluid intake (at least 2 liters per day) to dilute the urine and flush out the bladder. While emptying the bladder regularly is important, it is secondary to ensuring adequate hydration. Limiting fluid intake is contraindicated, as it increases the risk of bladder toxicity. An indwelling urinary catheter is not routinely required unless the patient has urinary retention.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse receives a stat order to administer 50% dextrose solution intravenously to a 1-year-old child with hypoglycemia. How should this drug best be prepared for safe administration to the child?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering 50% dextrose solution directly to a 1-year-old child is unsafe due to the risk of hyperosmolar injury to veins and tissues. Diluting it 1:1 with sterile water reduces the concentration to 25%, making it safer for pediatric administration. Using a filter needle (A) or tuberculin syringe (B) is not necessary for this preparation. Shaking the solution (D) is inappropriate and could introduce air bubbles.