ATI RN
NCLEX Questions on Oxygenation and Perfusion Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse receives a change-of-shift report. Which patient should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because wheezing after albuterol treatment in a patient with asthma indicates possible worsening or insufficient response to treatment, requiring immediate assessment to prevent respiratory distress. Choice A is incorrect as a weak cough in a patient with bronchitis does not indicate immediate risk. Choice B is incorrect as an O2 saturation of 90% in a patient with emphysema is concerning but not as urgent as worsening wheezing in asthma. Choice D is incorrect as crackles in the right lung base in a patient with pneumonia would require assessment but is not as urgent as addressing potential respiratory distress in an asthmatic patient.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse prepares to administer a bronchodilator to a patient experiencing an acute asthma exacerbation. Which medication should the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Albuterol (Ventolin), because it is a short-acting bronchodilator that provides immediate relief by dilating the airways during an acute asthma exacerbation. This helps improve airflow and relieve symptoms quickly. Ipratropium (A) is another bronchodilator but is not as fast-acting as albuterol. Salmeterol (B) is a long-acting bronchodilator used for maintenance therapy, not for immediate relief during an acute attack. Montelukast (C) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist and is not a bronchodilator; it is used for long-term asthma control, not for acute exacerbations.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient with asthma about the use of a rescue inhaler. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Taking one puff and waiting 5 minutes before a second puff is incorrect as rescue inhalers are meant for immediate relief during asthma attacks. 2. Choice A is correct as using the inhaler before exercise can prevent exercise-induced symptoms. 3. Choice C is correct as cleaning the mouthpiece prevents clogging and ensures proper functioning. 4. Choice D is correct as using the inhaler when feeling short of breath is the appropriate time for immediate relief.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse observes that a patient with pneumonia has an oxygen saturation of 89%. What is the priority action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Oxygen saturation of 89% indicates hypoxemia, which can be life-threatening. Step 2: Administering oxygen therapy will help improve oxygenation levels. Step 3: Priority is to address hypoxemia to prevent complications. Step 4: Chest physiotherapy, deep breathing exercises, and sputum sample are not immediate priorities for hypoxemia. Administering oxygen is crucial to address the primary issue.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse teaches a patient about using a peak flow meter. Which statement indicates effective learning?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because blowing into the peak flow meter hard and fast ensures an accurate measurement of peak expiratory flow rate. This technique helps assess the severity of asthma and monitor response to treatment. Choice A is incorrect because using the meter before medication may not reflect actual lung function. Choice C is incorrect as inhaling deeply does not measure lung capacity. Choice D is incorrect because peak flow meters are used for proactive monitoring, not just when feeling short of breath.