ATI RN
Core Concepts of Patient Family Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse provides teaching on nevirapine (Viramune) for a patient who is HIV positive. Which patient statement indicates that teaching has been effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because monitoring for rash is a crucial aspect of nevirapine therapy due to the risk of severe skin reactions. This teaching is essential for the patient's safety and well-being. Option B is unrelated to nevirapine therapy. Option C is vague and not specific to nevirapine side effects. Option D is also important but less specific to nevirapine's adverse effects compared to monitoring for rash. Thus, the correct answer is A.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse has been discussing actions to prevent AIDS-related wasting syndrome with a patient being treated for AIDS. Which patient statements indicate an understanding of this teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eat a low-residue diet. This is because AIDS-related wasting syndrome can lead to malabsorption issues and gastrointestinal symptoms, making it difficult for the body to absorb nutrients from food. A low-residue diet is recommended to reduce the amount of fiber and bulk in the diet, making it easier for the body to digest and absorb nutrients. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not specifically address the nutritional needs of a patient with AIDS-related wasting syndrome. Drinking liquids before meals may help with appetite but does not address nutrient absorption. Enjoying food odors may stimulate appetite but does not focus on nutrient intake. Numbing oral sores with ice or popsicles addresses symptom management but does not address the underlying issue of nutrient absorption.
Question 3 of 5
While collecting admission data, the nurse suspects a patient with AIDS is experiencing an HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. What observations did the nurse make to come to this conclusion? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inappropriate laughter. Inappropriate laughter is a common symptom of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder, indicating cognitive impairment. This symptom is often observed in patients with AIDS and can be indicative of changes in behavior and emotional responses. Audible bowel sounds (A) are not specifically related to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder. Inability to state home address (C) may indicate memory impairment but is not a specific symptom of this disorder. Knee buckling while walking (D) is more related to physical weakness or balance issues rather than cognitive impairment associated with HIV.
Question 4 of 5
A patient admitted yesterday for injuries sustained while intoxicated believes the window blinds are snakes trying to get into the room. The patient is anxious, agitated, and diaphoretic. Which medication can the nurse anticipate the health care provider will prescribe?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct medication to anticipate for this patient is a benzodiazepine, such as lorazepam (Ativan). Rationale: 1. Benzodiazepines are commonly used to treat acute agitation and anxiety in patients, which is present in this case. 2. Lorazepam has a rapid onset of action and can help calm the patient quickly. 3. It can help manage the patient's perception of the window blinds as snakes and reduce agitation. 4. Benzodiazepines are safer for patients with alcohol intoxication compared to other sedatives or antipsychotics. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are not typically used for acute agitation and anxiety. They have a slower onset of action and are not first-line for this situation. B: Phenothiazines may worsen the patient's condition due to their potential side effects like sedation and hypotension. D: Narcotic analgesics are not appropriate for managing anxiety or agitation
Question 5 of 5
A new patient in an alcoholism rehabilitation program says, 'I’m just a social drinker. I usually have a drink or two at brunch, a few cocktails in the afternoon, wine at dinner, and a few drinks in the evening.' Which response by the nurse will help the patient view the drinking more honestly?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: The nurse needs to provide a reflection that highlights the patient's patterns of drinking. Step 2: Option D reflects the patient's drinking pattern accurately and objectively. Step 3: By repeating the patient's own words back to them, the nurse helps the patient see the extent of their drinking. Step 4: This response encourages the patient to reflect on their alcohol consumption more honestly. Step 5: Option D is correct as it addresses the patient's behavior directly and prompts self-reflection. Summary: - Option A is passive and does not challenge the patient's perception. - Option B is confrontational and may lead to defensiveness. - Option C provides a generalized definition of social drinking, not addressing the patient's specific behavior.