The nurse prepares to administer a flu vaccine to a patient. Which condition requires the nurse to consult the provider first?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the flu vaccine is typically grown in eggs, so individuals with an egg allergy may experience an allergic reaction. Consulting the provider is necessary to determine if an alternative vaccine or precaution is needed. Choices A, C, and D do not contraindicate the administration of the flu vaccine and do not require consultation before administration.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer prescribed pain medication. Severe pleuritic chest pain in a patient with pneumonia indicates inflammation of the pleura, which can be very distressing and require immediate relief. Administering pain medication will help alleviate the patient's discomfort, improve breathing, and enhance their overall well-being. Positioning the patient in high Fowler's (choice B) may help with breathing but does not address the immediate pain relief needed. Encouraging deep breathing exercises (choice C) may exacerbate the pain. Applying warm compresses to the chest (choice D) may provide some comfort but does not directly address the severe pain.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer albuterol via inhaler. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that helps open the airways during an asthma attack, providing quick relief. This intervention addresses the underlying issue of bronchoconstriction, improving airflow and oxygenation. Other choices are not the priority: B could potentially worsen the condition by diluting the inspired oxygen with room air, C may not directly address the airway obstruction, and D, while helpful for managing symptoms, does not directly target bronchoconstriction during an acute attack.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oxygen saturation of 82% on room air. This finding indicates severe hypoxemia in a patient with COPD, necessitating immediate attention to prevent complications like respiratory failure. Clubbing of the fingers (choice A) is a sign of chronic hypoxia but does not require immediate attention. Increased anterior-posterior chest diameter (choice C) and barrel chest appearance (choice D) are common in COPD but do not indicate an acute issue requiring immediate intervention. Oxygen saturation is a crucial parameter to monitor in COPD patients as it directly reflects their respiratory status.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer prescribed pain medication. Pain can inhibit deep breathing post-thoracotomy, leading to decreased breath sounds and potential complications. Addressing pain first allows the patient to take deep breaths with the incentive spirometer effectively. Encouraging shallow breathing (Choice C) may worsen atelectasis. Assisting with an incentive spirometer (Choice B) should follow pain management. Repositioning (Choice D) may not directly address the primary issue of incisional pain.