ATI RN
ATI Capstone Pharmacology Assessment 1 and 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse practitioner has written a number of stat orders for drugs to treat a patient on the medical-surgical unit who has suffered an acute anaphylactic reaction with hives and bronchospasm during infusion of an IV antibiotic. Which priority drug would the nurse administer first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis due to its rapid action in reversing bronchospasm, vasodilation, and hypotension. It acts on alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors to constrict blood vessels, relax bronchial smooth muscle, and increase cardiac output. Steroids (A) and diphenhydramine (D) are adjuncts to manage inflammation and histamine release but are not immediate lifesaving measures. Dopamine (B) is used for hypotension but is not the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is aware that the patients who are allergic to intravenous contrast media are usually also allergic to which of the following products?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shellfish allergy is a common indicator of potential hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast media due to the shared allergen, iodine. Patients with shellfish allergies should be screened carefully before receiving contrast media. Allergies to eggs, soy, and acidic fruits are not directly related to contrast media reactions.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is receiving an IV infusion of a thrombolytic drug during treatment for an acute MI. The nurse notices that there is a slight amount of bleeding from the antecubital area where venous lab work was drawn. What will the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this situation, the nurse's first priority should be to apply pressure to the site with a gauze pad. Bleeding from the antecubital area where venous lab work was drawn can be due to the effect of the thrombolytic drug, particularly in a patient who is already at risk for bleeding due to the acute MI. Applying pressure to the site will help control the bleeding and prevent any further complications. Once the bleeding is controlled, the nurse should monitor the site closely for any signs of increased bleeding or other complications. Slowing the rate of infusion or stopping the infusion of the thrombolytic drug may be considered depending on the severity of the bleeding and the patient's overall condition, but the immediate response should be to apply pressure to the site.
Question 4 of 5
Which patient-teaching instructions are appropriate for a patient taking an antidysrhythmic drug? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
The patient is prescribed an ACE inhibitor. What primary mechanism of ACE inhibitors will the nurse understand as the therapeutic action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The primary mechanism of ACE inhibitors is to inhibit the production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that also stimulates the release of aldosterone. By inhibiting angiotensin II production, ACE inhibitors decrease aldosterone secretion. Aldosterone is a hormone that plays a key role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. Inhibiting aldosterone secretion helps to reduce blood pressure by decreasing sodium and water retention, ultimately leading to vasodilation and lower blood pressure levels.