The nurse plans to encourage the paraplegic patient to drink plenty of fluids mainly because increased fluid intake

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) will decrease the tendency for constipation. Encouraging a paraplegic patient to drink plenty of fluids is essential to prevent constipation, a common issue in individuals with limited mobility. Adequate fluid intake helps soften stool, making it easier to pass and reducing the risk of constipation, which can be exacerbated by factors such as reduced activity and certain medications. Option A) replaces fluid lost during periods of increased perspiration is incorrect in this context because paraplegic patients may not experience increased perspiration due to their limited mobility and lack of sensation below the level of injury. Option B) decreases renal calculi formation is incorrect because while adequate fluid intake can help prevent kidney stones, the primary reason for encouraging fluid intake in a paraplegic patient is to address constipation. Option C) tends to decrease the possibility of spinal shock is incorrect because fluid intake does not directly impact the occurrence of spinal shock. Spinal shock is a physiological response to spinal cord injury characterized by a temporary loss of function, and fluid intake does not specifically prevent or treat this condition. In an educational context, it is crucial for healthcare providers to understand the importance of individualized care for patients with neurological conditions like paraplegia. Ensuring proper hydration and addressing issues like constipation can significantly improve the patient's quality of life and prevent complications. Educating nurses and other healthcare professionals about the specific needs of patients with spinal cord injuries is essential for providing optimal care and promoting patient well-being.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Scatter rugs. This poses the greatest danger to Mr. Hall while he is still on crutches because scatter rugs are a common tripping hazard, especially for individuals with limited mobility or using crutches. Scatter rugs can easily slide or bunch up, increasing the risk of a fall, which could lead to further injury for someone already on crutches. Option A) Stairs could also be a hazard, but it is a more obvious danger that can be mitigated by taking precautions like using handrails or assistance while navigating them. Option B) Doors and Option D) Easy chairs are less likely to pose an immediate danger compared to scatter rugs. In an educational context, this question highlights the importance of assessing home environments for potential hazards, especially for individuals with mobility issues. It emphasizes the need for healthcare providers to consider all aspects of a patient's living situation to ensure a safe and smooth recovery process. By understanding these risks, healthcare professionals can provide appropriate guidance and support to promote the well-being of their patients.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In the context of preoperative care for Mr. Smith to minimize the risk of an acute exacerbation, the most important action to include is increased active and passive range-of-motion exercises (Option C). This is crucial for preventing complications such as muscle weakness, joint stiffness, and pressure ulcers associated with immobility during the preoperative period. By engaging in range-of-motion exercises, Mr. Smith can maintain muscle strength, joint flexibility, and circulation, which are essential for a successful surgical outcome and postoperative recovery. Option A, discussing postoperative care, while important, is not as critical as ensuring Mr. Smith's physical readiness for surgery through exercises. Option B, increasing protein intake, may be beneficial for wound healing post-surgery but does not directly address the risk of acute exacerbation preoperatively. Option D, allowing Mr. Smith to share his feelings about the surgery, is important for emotional support but does not address the physical preparation needed to minimize acute exacerbation risks. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind the importance of preoperative care interventions helps healthcare providers optimize patient outcomes. By focusing on evidence-based practices like range-of-motion exercises, educators can emphasize the significance of proactive measures in ensuring patients are physically prepared for surgery. This rationale underscores the holistic approach to patient care, integrating both physical and emotional aspects to promote overall well-being and successful surgical outcomes.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is D) decreasing fluid and salt intake. Explanation: Seizures in individuals with epilepsy can be triggered or exacerbated by various factors, including hormonal changes. In Mary's case, the increase in seizures before her menstrual period suggests a potential hormonal influence on her seizure activity. Fluid and salt intake can impact the body's electrolyte balance, which in turn can affect neuronal excitability. By decreasing fluid and salt intake, Mary may be able to stabilize her electrolyte levels, potentially reducing the likelihood or severity of her seizures. Why other options are wrong: A) Increasing exercise may be beneficial for overall health and well-being, but it is unlikely to directly impact hormonal fluctuations or seizure activity related to electrolyte imbalances. B) Avoiding cold or chilling is not directly linked to hormonal influences on seizures in the context of menstruation. C) While taking rest periods is important for managing stress and fatigue, it is unlikely to specifically address the physiological factors contributing to increased seizures before Mary's menstrual period. Educational context: Understanding the triggers and management strategies for seizures in individuals with epilepsy is crucial for healthcare providers, caregivers, and patients themselves. By identifying and addressing specific triggers like hormonal changes, individuals with epilepsy can better manage their condition and improve their quality of life. This case highlights the importance of considering individualized factors when developing seizure management plans.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, option C, the absence of a peripheral pulse, is the correct choice to indicate the presence of ischemia in a client with tissue injury. Ischemia refers to inadequate blood supply to a specific area, leading to tissue damage. The absence of a peripheral pulse suggests a lack of blood flow to the area, which is a critical sign of ischemia. This can be a red flag for healthcare providers to intervene promptly to restore blood flow and prevent further tissue damage. Option A, signs of fatigue, is not a specific indicator of ischemia in tissue injury. Fatigue can be caused by various factors and is not directly linked to the circulatory compromise seen in ischemia. Option B, signs of respiratory depression, are also not directly related to ischemia in tissue injury. Respiratory depression is typically associated with respiratory system dysfunction rather than circulatory issues. Option D, heavy swelling in the injured area, can be a sign of inflammation or fluid accumulation due to tissue injury but does not specifically indicate ischemia. Swelling can occur in various conditions and is not a definitive indicator of compromised blood supply leading to ischemia. In an educational context, understanding the signs and symptoms of ischemia is crucial for healthcare providers to recognize and address circulatory compromise promptly. Detecting ischemia early can prevent further tissue damage and improve patient outcomes. By knowing the specific indicators such as the absence of a peripheral pulse, healthcare professionals can provide timely interventions to restore blood flow and prevent complications in clients with tissue injuries.