ATI RN
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse observes flaring of nares in a newborn. This should be interpreted as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Flaring of nares in a newborn is typically interpreted as a sign of respiratory distress. When a baby is having trouble breathing or is not getting enough oxygen, the body compensates by increasing the size of the nasal passages to allow for easier airflow. This response helps the baby to breathe more effectively during times of respiratory distress. It is important for healthcare providers to recognize this sign as it may indicate the need for prompt intervention and support to help the baby breathe more comfortably.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is examining 12-month-old Amy, who was brought to the clinic for persistent diaper rash. The nurse finds perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds. What is most likely the cause of the diaper rash?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presentation of perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds is highly suggestive of a Candida albicans (yeast) diaper rash. Yeast diaper rash is characterized by redness, swollenness, and usually involves the skin folds. The warm, moist environment created by a diaper provides an ideal setting for Candida albicans to grow and cause a rash. The presence of satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds further supports the diagnosis of a yeast infection rather than other causes like impetigo, irritation from urine and feces, or infrequent diapering. Treatment for yeast diaper rash typically involves antifungal creams or ointments.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to accompany a medical mission's team to a third world country. Marasmus is seen frequently in children 6 months to 2 years in this country. Which symptoms should the nurse expect for this condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Marasmus is a form of severe malnutrition characterized by a significant deficiency in calories and protein intake. Symptoms of marasmus include severe wasting of muscle and fat stores, giving the appearance of loose, wrinkled skin due to the loss of subcutaneous fat. Other symptoms may include lethargy, irritability, delayed growth and development, and weakened immune function. Edematous skin is more commonly associated with kwashiorkor, another form of severe malnutrition characterized by protein deficiency with adequate caloric intake. Depigmentation of the skin and dermatoses are not typical symptoms of marasmus.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a parent of an infant about treatment of seborrhea dermatitis (cradle cap). Which should the nurse include in the instructions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should include in the instructions to shampoo every three days with a mild soap. Seborrheic dermatitis, commonly known as cradle cap in infants, is a common condition characterized by greasy, yellowish, scaly patches on the scalp. Mild cases of cradle cap typically do not require aggressive treatment. Using a mild soap and shampooing every few days can help loosen the scales and prevent buildup without causing irritation to the infant's delicate skin. It is important not to shampoo too frequently or use harsh products as this can exacerbate the condition. Additionally, the loosened crusts can be gently massaged and removed after shampooing with a soft brush or cloth, but it is not necessary to use a fine-toothed comb, as this may cause skin irritation.
Question 5 of 5
The mother of a preterm newborn asks the nurse when she can start breastfeeding. The nurse should explain that breastfeeding can be initiated when her newborn:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Breastfeeding can be initiated when the newborn has adequate sucking and swallowing reflexes, which usually develop around 34 to 36 weeks gestational age. It is important for the newborn to have the ability to latch onto the breast and suck effectively in order to receive adequate nutrition and establish a good breastfeeding relationship with the mother. Indicating an interest in breastfeeding is important as well, but having the reflexes necessary for successful breastfeeding is a key factor in determining readiness to begin breastfeeding.