The nurse needs to obtain a health history from a Spanish-speaking patient. Which action by the nurse is best?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Request a Spanish-speaking medical interpreter. This is the best action because it ensures accurate and effective communication between the nurse and the patient, maintaining patient confidentiality and preventing misinterpretation. Using a bilingual friend of the patient (A) may lead to bias or inaccurate translation. Nonverbal communication and drawing pictures (B) may not convey complex medical information effectively. Interviewing the patient's English-speaking daughter (D) may result in miscommunication and potential inaccuracies in the health history.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because relaxed muscles and a concerned expression convey warmth. Relaxed muscles indicate a sense of calm and approachability, while a concerned expression shows empathy and care. Small pupils and a fixed gaze (A) can be perceived as cold or distant. Furrowed brow and wrinkled forehead (B) suggest tension or worry. Pursed lips and a forced smile (C) may come across as insincere. In summary, D is the best choice as it combines physical relaxation with emotional warmth.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it provides a comprehensive approach to improving communication by emphasizing sensitivity, respect, and genuineness. Sensitivity shows empathy towards staff nurses, respect fosters a positive and professional environment, and genuineness builds trust. Choice B is too simplistic and may not address underlying communication issues. Choice C, while promoting empathy, is impractical and may not address communication challenges effectively. Choice D's focus on avoiding emotions overlooks the importance of emotional intelligence in effective communication. In summary, choice A encompasses key elements essential for fostering effective communication in a healthcare setting.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Wear a name badge that clearly identifies the home care agency. This action conveys professionalism, credibility, and respect for the client by clearly identifying the nurse's affiliation and role. It helps establish trust and ensures transparency. A: Asking the client to develop a list of needs for the next visit may be premature and could come across as insensitive or overwhelming for the client during the initial meeting. It does not directly convey respect. C: Providing contact information for other clients as references is inappropriate and breaches confidentiality. It can also violate the client's privacy and trust. This action does not convey respect. D: Assuring the client of confidentiality is important, but it may not directly convey respect in the same way as wearing a name badge does. It is an essential aspect of professionalism but does not establish credibility or respect as visibly as wearing a name badge.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because maintaining eye contact shows respect and attentiveness towards the client. It demonstrates active listening and helps build trust. Choice B is incorrect as avoiding touch may convey fear or stigma towards the client. Choice C is incorrect as it may create a sense of isolation rather than respect. Choice D is incorrect as small talk about the weather may not necessarily show genuine respect for the client's situation. Overall, maintaining eye contact is a universal sign of respect and connection in communication.