The nurse knows which of the following is true about immunity?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are proteins produced by a type of white blood cell called B-lymphocytes (B-cells). These antibodies play a crucial role in the immune response by recognizing and binding to specific antigens such as pathogens. This binding can lead to the inactivation of the pathogens or marking them for destruction by other immune cells. B-cells are a key component of the humoral immune response, which involves the production of antibodies to defend against infections. The statement that antibodies are produced by the B-cells is, therefore, true.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In a female child with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, the earliest sign of improvement is often seen as an increase in urine output. This occurs as the kidneys start to recover and normal functioning is restored. Increased urine output indicates improved glomerular filtration and clearance of waste products from the body. It is an essential indicator of renal function and overall improvement in the condition of the child. Other signs such as increased appetite and energy levels may follow but increased urine output is typically the first noticeable sign of improvement in cases of glomerulonephritis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Children with Down syndrome often have better outcomes when treated with specific regimens, contrary to this option.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hepatitis C infection is not a recognized risk factor for hepatoblastoma.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Reduced milk production is not directly associated with maternal diabetes.