ATI RN
Basic Principles of Pharmacology Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse knows that the patient should be informed about the risks and benefits related to clinical research. What ethical principle does this describe?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Informed consent. Informed consent is a fundamental ethical principle in research that requires individuals to be fully informed about the risks and benefits before participating. This principle ensures that individuals can make autonomous decisions based on complete information. Respect for persons (A) is related but focuses more on treating individuals with dignity and autonomy. Justice (B) pertains to fair distribution of benefits and risks in research. Beneficence (C) is about maximizing benefits and minimizing harms for participants, which is important but not directly related to informing patients about risks and benefits.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is explaining drug action to a nursing student. Which statement made by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B: A drug not bound to protein is an active drug. Rationale: Protein-bound drugs are inactive as they cannot reach target sites. When unbound, drugs can exert pharmacological effects. This is known as the free drug hypothesis. The statement correctly highlights the importance of drug binding to proteins in affecting drug action. Summary: A: Water-soluble and ionized drugs are slow to be absorbed due to their inability to cross membranes easily. C: Receptors are found on the cell membrane, not under it. This statement is inaccurate. D: Toxic effects are more likely to occur with high trough levels, not low levels.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is meeting with a community group about medication safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (Older patients) because elderly individuals tend to have multiple comorbidities and are more likely to be prescribed multiple medications, increasing the risk of drug interactions. Older patients also tend to have age-related physiological changes that can affect drug metabolism. Choice B (Patients with chronic health conditions) is not necessarily always at high risk for drug interactions, as it depends on the specific medications they are taking and their individual health status. Choice C (Patients taking three or more drugs) is not always a high-risk group, as drug interactions can occur even with fewer medications based on the specific drugs being taken and individual patient factors. Choice D (Patients dealing with only one pharmacy) is not directly related to the risk of drug interactions, as the number of pharmacies used by a patient does not necessarily correlate with the risk of drug interactions.
Question 4 of 5
Codeine is an example of a(n) as the cytochrome P450 system metabolizes the drug to facilitate receptor affinity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Codeine is a prodrug because it is metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system into its active form, morphine, which has the desired receptor affinity. This step is essential for codeine to exert its analgesic effects. Agonist (A) directly activates receptors, antagonist (C) blocks receptor activity, and "none" (D) is not applicable in this context.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse discovers that a patient has recently decided to take four herbal preparations. Which action will the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Option B is correct because the nurse should prioritize patient safety by ensuring the healthcare provider is informed of all products taken to prevent potential interactions. 2. Option A is incorrect as discussing cost is not the priority when patient safety is at risk. 3. Option C is incorrect as abruptly stopping all herbal products can lead to adverse effects without healthcare provider guidance. 4. Option D is incorrect as tapering off herbal products should also be done under healthcare provider supervision to monitor for any adverse reactions.