The nurse is working with a middle-age married couple whose son has just graduated from college. Which developmental tasks would the nurse expect to find in this family?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option C: Acting as a launching center for their son. This option aligns with the developmental task of launching adult children into the world as they transition from being dependent on their parents to becoming independent individuals. This stage involves parents supporting their children as they establish their own lives, careers, and relationships. Option A, attending activities for their son, focuses more on the parents' involvement in their son's life rather than facilitating his independence, which is the primary task at this stage. Option B, strengthening their marital relationship for future family stages, is important but not the immediate developmental task in this specific scenario. Option D, responding to the prospect of changing careers, is unrelated to the developmental tasks of the family at this stage. Educationally, understanding family developmental tasks is crucial for nurses as they work with families to promote health and well-being. By recognizing and supporting families in their specific developmental tasks, nurses can provide more effective and tailored care to help families navigate life transitions successfully.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this context, the nurse is assessing the community from a developmental and risk perspective. The most crucial characteristic for the nurse to consider would be **age** (Option B). Age is a significant factor in health promotion as it influences the prevalence of specific health conditions, healthcare needs, and appropriate interventions. Different age groups have distinct health concerns and risk factors. **Gender** (Option A) is an important consideration in healthcare, but in this case, when assessing a community from a developmental and risk perspective, age plays a more significant role. **Race** (Option C) can be a factor in health disparities and access to care, but when focusing on developmental aspects and risk assessment, age is a more critical determinant. **Socioeconomic level** (Option D) is also vital in health promotion, but for the purpose of understanding the community's developmental stage and associated risks, age provides more specific and relevant information. Educationally, understanding the impact of age on health outcomes and risk assessment is crucial for nurses to tailor interventions effectively in health promotion programs. By considering age demographics, nurses can develop targeted strategies to address the unique needs of different age groups within the community.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Risk-factor perspective. When the nurse is collecting data on the number of crosswalks within a community, they are focusing on factors that contribute to safety and potential risks for pedestrians. This perspective is crucial in health promotion as it helps identify potential dangers and implement strategies to mitigate them. The other options are incorrect for the following reasons: A) Developmental perspective: This perspective focuses on growth and changes over time in individuals or communities, which is not directly relevant to counting crosswalks. B) Functional perspective: This perspective looks at how different parts of a system work together to achieve a goal, which is not the primary focus when counting crosswalks. D) Systems perspective: While important in understanding the interconnectedness of various factors, in this specific context of counting crosswalks, the emphasis is more on identifying risks rather than analyzing complex systems. Educationally, understanding different perspectives in data collection is essential for nurses to effectively assess community health needs and develop targeted interventions. By recognizing the significance of the risk-factor perspective in this scenario, nurses can make informed decisions to promote safety and well-being within communities.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and health promotion, understanding the stages of change model is crucial for effective patient care. The correct answer is A) Action. In this model, the stages of change are precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance. Action is the stage where individuals actively modify their behavior, such as adhering to a new medication regimen or making lifestyle changes. This stage is characterized by visible, measurable actions towards achieving health goals. Option B) Reflection is incorrect because it is not a recognized stage in the stages of change model. Reflection may occur at various points in the behavior change process, but it is not a distinct stage in this model. Option C) Maintenance is incorrect as it comes after the action stage. Maintenance involves sustaining the behavior change over time to prevent relapse. Option D) Acceptance is not a stage in the stages of change model. Acceptance may be a component of readiness for change, but it is not a specific stage in this model. Educationally, understanding the stages of change model helps healthcare providers tailor interventions to meet patients where they are in their behavior change journey. It allows for personalized and effective strategies to support patients in making lasting changes for improved health outcomes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is option A) Blood pressure readings of 124/82 were obtained two days in a row by two different nurses. This method describes the interobserver reliability assessment, where two different observers (nurses in this case) obtain the same measurement on multiple occasions to determine the consistency and accuracy of the measurement. Option B is incorrect because having the same nurse take three consecutive readings does not assess interobserver reliability; it only measures intraobserver reliability or repeatability by the same observer. Option C is incorrect because comparing blood pressure readings between arms assesses interarm reliability, not interobserver reliability. It evaluates the consistency of readings between different sites on the same person. Option D is incorrect as it does not involve two different observers providing the same measurement to assess interobserver reliability. In an educational context, understanding the importance of interobserver reliability in healthcare measurements, such as blood pressure readings, is crucial for ensuring accurate and consistent data collection. This practice helps in determining the trustworthiness of the measurements and the competency of healthcare providers in obtaining reliable data for clinical decision-making.