ATI RN
Pediatric NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is working on the pediatric floor, caring for an infant who is very fussy and has a diagnosis of DI. Which parameter should the nurse monitor while the infant is on fluid restrictions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a patient with diabetes insipidus (DI) who is on fluid restrictions, monitoring urine output is crucial to assess the effectiveness of the treatment regimen. DI is a condition characterized by excessive urination and thirst due to a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). By monitoring urine output, the nurse can determine if the restrictions are achieving the goal of decreasing urine volume and preventing dehydration. Changes in urine output can also indicate the need for adjustments in the treatment plan. Monitoring oral intake, appearance of mucous membranes, and pulse and temperature are important aspects of pediatric care but are not as directly related to managing fluid restrictions in a patient with DI.
Question 2 of 5
while gently abducting the hips, the nurse feels the femoral head slip into the acetabulum. the nurse documents this finding as a positive:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ortolani's sign is a physical exam maneuver used to detect congenital hip dislocation in infants. When performing Ortolani's sign, the nurse gently abducts the hips and feels the femoral head slipping back into the acetabulum. This is considered a positive finding and suggests the presence of hip dysplasia. Barlow's test, on the other hand, involves gently adducting the hip to feel for instability and potential dislocation. Jackson's sign is a maneuver for detecting hip dislocation by observing leg length discrepancy. Trendelenburg's sign is a test for hip abductor weakness. Hematuria is the presence of blood in urine and is not related to hip exams or signs.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is palpating a newborn's fontanels. The nurse documents the anterior fontanel is which shape?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The anterior fontanel, also known as the bregma, is the larger of the two fontanels located on the baby's skull. It is diamond-shaped, with the sutures meeting in the center to create a space that is soft and slightly depressed. While it is diamond-shaped when looking at the intersection of the sutures, when palpated or touched by a nurse, it often feels more circular due to the softness of the fontanel. It is important for nurses to monitor the fontanels for normal closure and development in newborns.
Question 4 of 5
The stump of the umbilical cord usually separates in how many days?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The stump of the umbilical cord usually separates from the baby's belly button within 10 to 14 days after birth. During this time, it is important to keep the area clean and dry to prevent infection. Once the stump falls off, a small open wound may be left behind, which should also be kept clean and dry until it completely heals. It is normal for a small amount of blood or discharge to be present during this process, but if there are signs of infection such as redness, swelling, or foul odor, it is important to contact a healthcare provider for further evaluation and treatment.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse should expect to assess which causative agent in a child with warts?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Warts are typically caused by a viral infection, specifically the human papillomavirus (HPV). This virus infects the top layer of the skin, causing the skin cells to grow rapidly, leading to the formation of a wart. Other causative agents such as bacteria, fungus, and parasites do not typically cause warts in children. Therefore, when assessing a child with warts, the nurse should expect the causative agent to be a virus, specifically HPV.