ATI RN
Population Specific Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is to perform a complete assessment of a client in her home, using the Mini-Mental State Examination as one component. When the nurse arrives, the client is seated at the table with her husband, the TV is on, and several grandchildren are visiting. The client's husband says, 'Let's get on with this business.' The client is quiet, but her hands are gripped tightly, and she is staring at the ceiling. The best action for the nurse to take would be to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because conducting a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) in a distracting environment with the client exhibiting signs of distress would likely yield inaccurate results. By explaining the importance of the testing process and rescheduling for a quieter day, the nurse ensures a more accurate assessment. This allows for a controlled environment conducive to obtaining reliable data. Choice A is incorrect because simply moving the husband and grandchildren to another room may not eliminate distractions or address the client's distress, potentially still impacting the accuracy of the assessment. Choice C is incorrect as relying solely on observations and reports from the family may not provide a comprehensive assessment of the client's cognitive function, as the MMSE is a standardized tool designed for objective evaluation. Choice D is incorrect as it does not address the immediate issue of conducting the assessment in a more suitable environment and may disrupt the client's routine by requiring a clinic visit.
Question 2 of 5
A client has just been diagnosed with mild Alzheimer's disease. A family member asks what medications are used for treatment. The nurse knows that which of the following medications are the ones most used for mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Donepezil (Aricept). Donepezil is a cholinesterase inhibitor commonly used to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease by improving cognitive function. It is considered a first-line medication for Alzheimer's. Haloperidol (A) is an antipsychotic drug and not used for Alzheimer's treatment. Rivastigmine (C) is another cholinesterase inhibitor like donepezil, but it is more commonly used for moderate to severe Alzheimer's. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (D) are not typically used for Alzheimer's treatment. In summary, Donepezil is the preferred medication for mild to moderate Alzheimer's due to its effectiveness in improving cognitive symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is an effective communication technique that should be included in the teaching plan for the family members of a woman in whom Alzheimer's disease has been diagnosed recently?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use simple, familiar words, along with short and simple sentences. This is an effective communication technique for individuals with Alzheimer's disease as it helps in enhancing understanding and reduces confusion. Complex language or sentences may be difficult for the patient to comprehend. Choice B is incorrect because encouraging the client to sit during interactions does not directly relate to effective communication techniques. Choice C is incorrect as changing key words can lead to further confusion and may not aid in understanding. Choice D is incorrect because using hand gestures may not always effectively convey the message and can potentially cause more confusion for individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
Question 4 of 5
What is the priority intervention for a nurse caring for a patient with bulimia nervosa?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Assist the patient to identify triggers to binge eating. This intervention is crucial for managing bulimia nervosa as it helps address the root cause of the behavior. By identifying triggers, the patient can develop strategies to avoid or cope with them, ultimately reducing the frequency of binge eating episodes. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because providing consequences for weight loss may reinforce unhealthy behaviors, assessing for impulsive eating is not addressing the underlying triggers, and exploring needs for health teaching is not as immediate and targeted as identifying triggers for binge eating.
Question 5 of 5
A rape victim tells the emergency room nurse, 'I feel so dirty. Help me take a shower before anything else.' The nurse should:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Explain that bathing would destroy evidence. This is the best choice because preserving evidence is crucial in cases of sexual assault. Bathing could wash away vital evidence needed for investigation and prosecution. It is important to prioritize the victim's physical and emotional well-being, but preserving evidence for forensic examination takes precedence. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because arranging for the patient to shower, suggesting waiting, or choosing none of the above would risk compromising the evidence needed for justice.