ATI RN
Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching parents of a child with chronic renal failure (CRF) about the use of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) subcutaneous injections. Which statement indicates the parents have understood the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct statement indicating that the parents have understood the teaching is: "The red blood cell count should begin to improve with these injections." Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is a hormone used to stimulate red blood cell production in patients with chronic renal failure. By increasing red blood cell production, rHuEPO can help combat anemia, a common complication of chronic renal failure. Therefore, the improvement of the red blood cell count is an expected outcome of administering rHuEPO injections in patients with chronic renal failure. The other statements are not accurate regarding the effects of rHuEPO injections.
Question 2 of 5
Which action by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Referring children with sore throats for throat cultures is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is a complication of untreated streptococcal throat infections, specifically caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. By identifying and treating streptococcal infections promptly with antibiotics, the risk of developing rheumatic fever is significantly reduced. The school nurse plays a crucial role in recognizing the symptoms of strep throat and ensuring that affected children are appropriately referred for testing and treatment. This can help prevent the serious consequences of rheumatic fever, which can affect the heart, joints, skin, and brain if left untreated. Encouraging routine cholesterol screenings (choice A) and blood pressure screenings (choice B) are important for overall health monitoring but are not directly related to the prevention of rheumatic fever. Recommending salicylates over acetaminophen (choice D) is not advisable in children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has been asked to prepare an intervention plan for a client, age 70, admitted for treatment of renal calculi. He complains of frequent pain due to increased pressure in the renal pelvis and is frightened of the excruciating pain. Which of the ff measures can the nurse include in the client's nursing care plan? Choose all that apply
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 4 of 5
While managing a client after a medical or surgical procedure for bladder stones, for what rise in the temperature should the nurse notify the physician?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A rise in temperature is concerning after a medical or surgical procedure as it can indicate infection or other complications. A temperature above 102F is typically considered a significant fever, especially in the postoperative period. It is essential to notify the physician promptly to assess the patient's condition and provide appropriate interventions to address the underlying cause of the fever.
Question 5 of 5
If a patient has severe hyperkalemia, it is possible to administer calcium gluconate intravenously to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Calcium gluconate is administered intravenously in the setting of severe hyperkalemia to antagonize the effects of potassium on the heart. Hyperkalemia can lead to dangerous cardiac arrhythmias due to the changes in membrane potential of cardiac cells caused by increased extracellular potassium levels. Administration of calcium gluconate helps stabilize the cardiac cell membrane potential, protecting against the risk of life-threatening arrhythmias. It doesn't provide an immediate decrease in serum potassium levels (Choice A) or prevent transient renal failure (TRF) (Choice B). Therefore, the correct answer is D, as calcium gluconate primarily acts to counteract the effects of hyperkalemia on the heart.