ATI RN
Free Pediatric CCRN Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching nursing students about shock that occurs in children. What is one of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: One of the most frequent causes of hypovolemic shock in children is blood loss. Children are at risk for blood loss due to trauma, surgical procedures, gastrointestinal bleeding, or other conditions that result in significant blood volume reduction. Blood loss leads to a decrease in circulating blood volume, which in turn reduces tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery to vital organs. This results in hypovolemic shock, where the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's needs, leading to organ dysfunction and potentially life-threatening complications. Therefore, recognizing and addressing blood loss promptly is essential in managing hypovolemic shock in children.
Question 2 of 5
A 23 y.o. woman is seen at an outpatient clinic for a routine Pap smear. When questioned, she states she is deciding whether to engage in sexual activity with a man she is just getting to know. She asks how she can tell if he has an STD. Which response by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best response by the nurse is to recommend an examination by a physician with diagnostic testing as the only way to know if the potential partner is infection free. Simply relying on the appearance of cleanliness or condom use may not be sufficient to determine the presence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as HPV, chlamydia, or herpes, which may not have visible symptoms. Encouraging regular testing and open communication about sexual health with partners is crucial in preventing the spread of STIs.
Question 3 of 5
The most common buffer system in the body is the:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most common buffer system in the body is the bicarbonate-carbonic system. This system plays a crucial role in maintaining the pH balance in the blood. The bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) acts as a weak base, while carbonic acid (H2CO3) acts as a weak acid. The balance between these two components helps to regulate the pH of the blood.
Question 4 of 5
A client with ascites has a paracentesis, and 1500 ml of fluid is removed. Immediately following the procedure it is most important for the nurse to observe for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Following a paracentesis procedure where a large amount of ascitic fluid is removed, there is a risk of developing a fluid shift and a potential complication known as "paracentesis-induced circulatory dysfunction" (PICD). This may cause a sudden increase in central blood volume due to rapid re-distribution of fluid, leading to respiratory congestion, dyspnea, and hypoxemia. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to monitor the client closely for signs of respiratory distress or congestion immediately after the procedure to prevent any respiratory complications. A rapid, thready pulse (choice A) may indicate hypovolemia, but it is not the most important immediate concern in this case. Decreased peristalsis (choice B) and an increased temperature (choice D) are not typically associated with the immediate post-paracentesis period and are therefore lower priorities compared to monitoring for signs of respiratory congestion.
Question 5 of 5
A pregnant client with hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias is admitted to the hospital. Which of the following imbalances should the nurse check for?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels) should be checked for in a pregnant client with hypertension and cardiac dysrhythmias because magnesium plays a critical role in maintaining normal cardiac function and blood pressure regulation. It can worsen both hypertension and dysrhythmias if deficient. Hypomagnesemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias, particularly in the setting of existing cardiovascular conditions. Monitoring and addressing magnesium levels is important in managing these conditions and ensuring maternal and fetal well-being during pregnancy. Checking for hypomagnesemia allows for timely intervention and correction to help prevent any complications.