The nurse is teaching a woman how to do the pelvic tilt exercise. In the teaching session, which of the following should the nurse tell the woman to do?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Move so that her back alternately is concave and convex. This is the correct instruction for the pelvic tilt exercise as it involves tilting the pelvis to alternately flatten and arch the lower back, engaging the abdominal and back muscles to promote core strength and flexibility. This movement helps improve posture, reduce back pain, and strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which are crucial during pregnancy and childbirth. Option A) Stand with the back of her heels and shoulders touching a wall is incorrect because this position does not facilitate the pelvic tilt exercise. Option B) Bend laterally back and forth from one side to the other is incorrect as it describes a different exercise that focuses on side-to-side movement rather than the specific pelvic tilt motion. Option D) Lie flat on her back and move her hips from side to side is also incorrect as lying flat on the back during pregnancy, especially in later stages, can restrict blood flow to the baby and should be avoided. In an educational context, it is essential for nurses to teach pregnant women safe and effective exercises like the pelvic tilt to promote their well-being and prepare their bodies for labor and delivery. Providing accurate instructions and guidance ensures that pregnant women can benefit from these exercises without risking harm to themselves or their babies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the most appropriate nursing diagnosis is "Impaired urinary elimination" (Option C). This choice is correct because the client has just voided a small amount of urine after delivery, which is insufficient considering the normal expected urine output postpartum. The assessment findings of a fundus 4 cm above the umbilicus and deviated to the right with moderate lochia rubra indicate a possible urinary retention issue, which aligns with impaired urinary elimination. Option A, "Impaired skin integrity," is incorrect as there is no evidence in the scenario to support this diagnosis. Option B, "Fluid volume deficit," is not the most appropriate as the client has just voided urine, suggesting the kidneys are producing urine and fluid volume is being maintained. Option D, "Toileting self-care deficit," is not the priority at this time as the main concern is the client's urinary elimination status post-delivery. Understanding the nursing diagnoses related to postpartum care is crucial for providing comprehensive care to new mothers. Impaired urinary elimination can lead to complications such as urinary retention and bladder distention, which can impact the client's recovery post-delivery. It is important for nurses to assess and address such issues promptly to prevent further complications and promote the well-being of the client.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is C) Uterine cramping. A positive fetal fibronectin assessment at 28 weeks gestation indicates an increased risk of preterm labor. Uterine cramping in this context could be a sign of preterm labor, which is a serious condition requiring immediate medical attention to prevent premature birth and its associated complications for both the mother and the baby. A) Headache and B) Visual disturbances are not typically associated with a positive fetal fibronectin assessment in pregnancy. While they could be concerning symptoms in other contexts, they are not directly related to the current situation of potential preterm labor. D) Oliguria refers to decreased urine output and is not a typical symptom associated with preterm labor indicated by a positive fetal fibronectin assessment. While oliguria can be a sign of other medical issues, in this case, uterine cramping is the most important symptom to address promptly. Educationally, understanding the significance of fetal fibronectin assessments and their implications for preterm labor is crucial for nurses caring for pregnant women. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of preterm labor and knowing when to seek immediate medical attention is vital in ensuring the best outcomes for both the mother and the baby.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of pharmacology education, understanding the cardinal moves of labor is crucial as certain medications can impact labor progression. The correct chronological order of the cardinal moves of labor is D) Internal rotation, A) External rotation, B) Flexion, and C) Extension. The correct answer, D) Internal rotation, occurs when the fetus rotates to align its head with the mother's pelvis, facilitating descent through the birth canal. This move is essential for the optimal passage of the baby during childbirth. Option A) External rotation typically follows internal rotation and involves the fetus rotating further as it moves through the birth canal. This move helps the baby's shoulders navigate the maternal pelvis. Option B) Flexion is when the baby's head flexes towards its chest, allowing the smallest diameter of the head to present first during delivery, aiding in the passage through the birth canal. Option C) Extension is the final move where the baby's head extends as it emerges from the birth canal, enabling the rest of the body to follow smoothly. Understanding the sequence of these cardinal moves is vital for healthcare providers involved in labor and delivery to monitor the progress of labor, anticipate potential complications, and intervene appropriately if necessary. Pharmacology students should grasp this concept to appreciate how medications may impact the natural process of labor and delivery.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is A) Ask the client directly about how she sustained her injuries. This is because when a nurse suspects that a woman is being abused by her partner, it is crucial to directly address the issue and provide an opportunity for the woman to disclose information about the abuse. By asking the client directly, the nurse can open up a dialogue, express concern for her well-being, and offer support and resources. Option B) Counsel the client on how her behavior probably provoked the attack is incorrect and harmful as it blames the victim for the abuse, which is never acceptable. Victim blaming can further traumatize the woman and discourage her from seeking help. Option C) Inform the client that the police must arrest her partner is incorrect as it may not be safe or feasible for the woman to involve the police at that moment. Safety of the woman should be the top priority, and decisions regarding involving law enforcement should be made with her consent and safety in mind. Option D) Give the client a pamphlet with the names of matrimonial attorneys is also incorrect as it does not address the immediate safety concerns of the woman. Providing legal resources should come after ensuring the woman's safety and well-being are secured. In an educational context, it is essential to teach healthcare professionals the importance of recognizing and responding to signs of intimate partner violence sensitively and effectively. Nurses should be trained to approach these situations with empathy, understanding, and a focus on the well-being and safety of the woman. Direct communication and offering support and resources are key components of providing appropriate care in cases of suspected abuse.