ATI RN
Chapter 41 Oxygenation NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient with pneumonia about effective airway clearance. What instruction is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase fluid intake to thin mucus. Adequate hydration helps to thin mucus, making it easier to clear from the airways. This promotes effective airway clearance in patients with pneumonia. Incorrect choices: B: Using a peak flow meter is more relevant for monitoring asthma and not directly related to airway clearance in pneumonia. C: Limiting physical activity can lead to decreased lung function and impaired mucus clearance. D: Avoiding coughing can worsen pneumonia by allowing mucus to accumulate in the airways, leading to infection and further respiratory complications.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse reviews arterial blood gas results for a patient with respiratory distress: pH 7.25, PaCO2 55 mm Hg, HCO3- 26 mEq/L. What is the interpretation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Uncompensated respiratory acidosis. The low pH (acidosis) and high PaCO2 (respiratory component) indicate respiratory acidosis. The HCO3- level is within normal range, suggesting no metabolic compensation. Therefore, it is uncompensated respiratory acidosis. Option A is incorrect because the pH is not within the normal range, indicating partial compensation has not occurred. Option C is incorrect as the HCO3- level is normal, ruling out metabolic acidosis. Option D is incorrect because the patient's pH is acidic, not alkalotic.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was hospitalized for increasing shortness of breath and chronic hypoxemia (SaO2 levels of 89% to 90%). In planning for discharge, which action by the nurse will be most effective in improving compliance with discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because accomplishing patient teaching just before discharge ensures the information is fresh in the patient's mind. This timing maximizes retention and understanding of instructions, increasing compliance post-discharge. Choice A lacks timing specificity. Choice B may not always be feasible, and the caregiver may not be available. Choice D is a duplicate of choice B and does not address the timing issue. Ultimately, timing the teaching just before discharge is the most effective strategy for improving compliance.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia. Which assessment finding would indicate that the treatment is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Monitoring vital signs for changes is crucial to assess the patient's overall condition and response to treatment. Step 2: Vital signs include temperature, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure. Step 3: Improvement in vital signs such as decreased temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate would indicate treatment effectiveness. Step 4: Respiratory status and oxygen saturation levels are important but may not provide a comprehensive assessment of treatment efficacy. Step 5: Administering antibiotics is part of the treatment plan but does not directly indicate treatment effectiveness. Summary: Monitoring vital signs for changes is the most direct and reliable way to assess the effectiveness of treatment for pneumonia, making it the correct choice. The other options may provide valuable information but are not as direct indicators of treatment efficacy.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with acute pancreatitis. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer intravenous fluids. In acute pancreatitis, fluid resuscitation is crucial to maintain circulation and prevent hypovolemic shock. It helps support organ perfusion and prevent complications like acute kidney injury. Providing a high-protein diet (B) is contraindicated as the pancreas needs to rest. Administering insulin (C) may be needed for hyperglycemia but is not the priority. Monitoring respiratory status (D) is important, but fluid resuscitation takes precedence to stabilize the patient's condition.