ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Pdf Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient who will begin receiving targeted therapy for cancer. The patient asks how targeted therapy differs from other types of chemotherapies. The nurse will explain that targeted therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Targeted therapy interferes with specific molecules in cancer cells. This type of therapy is designed to target specific abnormalities or molecules that are unique to cancer cells, which helps to inhibit their growth and spread. By focusing on these specific targets, targeted therapy can be more precise and effective compared to traditional chemotherapies. A: Damaging cancer cell DNA to prevent cell replication is more characteristic of traditional chemotherapy, not targeted therapy. B: Directly killing or damaging cancerous cells is a general mechanism of action for various cancer treatments, not specific to targeted therapy. D: Preventing metastasis of cancer cells is not the primary mechanism of action of targeted therapy, which primarily focuses on inhibiting the growth and spread of cancer cells through specific molecular targeting.
Question 2 of 5
After the nurse teaches the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modifications, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been most effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because drinking low-fat milk aligns with dietary recommendations for hypertension by providing calcium, potassium, and vitamin D without excess saturated fat. This choice indicates understanding of the importance of nutrient-rich, low-fat dairy in managing blood pressure. A: Avoiding nuts or nut butters is not necessary for stage 1 hypertension and may limit healthy fats and nutrients. B: Restricting chicken and fish may lead to inadequate protein intake and deprive the patient of essential nutrients unless they are high in sodium. D: Having two cups of coffee in the morning can potentially increase blood pressure due to caffeine content and is not recommended for hypertension.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with bacterial pneumonia has rhonchi and thick sputum. What is the nurse's most appropriate action to promote airway clearance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assist the patient to splint the chest when coughing. This action helps the patient generate more force during coughing, aiding in sputum clearance. Pursed lip breathing (choice A) is used for patients with COPD, not for bacterial pneumonia. Fluid restrictions (choice C) are not indicated unless there are specific medical reasons. Nasal oxygen cannula (choice D) does not directly address airway clearance.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing clients who have intravenous therapy prescribed. Which assessment finding for a client with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) requires immediate attention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because upper extremity swelling in a client with a PICC can indicate a potential complication such as a blood clot or infection, which requires immediate attention to prevent serious complications. Swelling can impede blood flow and cause further issues. A: The initial site dressing being 3 days old may indicate a need for dressing change but does not require immediate attention. B: The PICC being inserted 4 weeks ago is relevant for assessing infection risk but does not require immediate attention. C: Absence of a securement device is important for preventing catheter dislodgement but does not require immediate attention compared to potential complications like swelling.
Question 5 of 5
An elderly woman has total care of her husband with Alzheimers disease. What type of care might the nurse suggest to give her some much-needed time of her own?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: respite care. Respite care provides temporary relief to caregivers, allowing them to have some time off to rest and take care of themselves. This is important for the elderly woman to prevent burnout and maintain her own well-being. Primary care (A) refers to routine healthcare services, not specifically for caregivers. Bereavement care (C) is support provided after the death of a loved one, not appropriate in this scenario. Palliative care (D) focuses on providing relief from symptoms and stress for patients with serious illnesses, not specifically for caregivers. Respite care is the most suitable option to support the elderly woman in this situation.